92 FLORA VITIENSIS. 
* Dogo” (v. [P] “ Dogo kana”).—Common at the mouths of rivers and on swampy shores of various 
Vitian islands. Also collected in the Tongan islands (Forster! in Mus. Brit.) and Samoan islands 
(U. S. Expl. Exped.). 
The general Vitian name for Mangroves is “ Dogo,” and the natives speak of four different kinds, but 
the United States Exploring Expedition and myself only collected two. The fruit of one of these, which is 
termed * Dogo kana” (i.e. edible Mangrove), is made into bread (madrai) and eaten in times of scarcity, 
and I believe B. Rheedii to be that species, as we know it is resorted to for that purpose in various other 
countries. The fruit of other Mangroves is also eaten, but at the best it must be but poor food, and we 
can well believe in the sufferings of Pizarro and his companions when on their voyage of discovery to Peru, 
whilst staying in the little island of Gorgona, their staple food was partly supplied by Mangrove fruits. 
The wood of B. Rheedii is hard and durable. The aerial roots are employed for making bows. It is 
well known that the use of the bow is restricted*in Polynesia to the dark-skinned Papuan race, to which 
the Viti people belong. The light-skinned Malay Polynesians were ignorant of it. To a certain extent 
the absence, or let us rather say scarcity, of Mangroves in the islands of eastern Polynesia inhabited by the 
Malay Polynesians, and the abundance of these trees in the western parts peopled by the dark Papuans, may 
account for it. We have no record of any Mangroves being found in the Hawaiian or in the Marquesas 
islands. Forster mentions a Mangrove as occurring in the Society Islands, but there is no specimen of it 
in his herbarium, nor have I ever seen any other specimen from there. A fragment, ticketed Tahiti, was 
in the collections made by the United States Exploring Expedition, but it was thought to be a mistake ; 
and Dr. Pickering, in his notes, does not mention Mangroves as occurring in Tahiti. Nor does Guillemin 
(Zeph. Tait.) seem to know of any Mangroves in Tahiti. But there seems to be no doubt about the 
occurrence of Mangroves in the Samoan or Navigator group, both the species found in Viti having been 
collected there by the American Expedition, but whether they are abundant or rare in those islands is 
not stated. Two species are also found in the Tongan islands, according to Forster, but only of one of 
them has an imperfect specimen been preserved. The subject is deserving of further investigation. 
Onpo XXXIX. COMBRETACEZ. 
I. Terminalia, Linn. Mant. 21. Flores polygami. Calyx tubo cylindraceo, cum ovario 
connato, supra ovarium constricto, limbo campanulato 4—5-dentato deciduo. Corolla 0. Stamina 
8-10, calycis limbo 2-seriatim inserta; filamenta subulata; antherz 2-loculares, ovate v. subglo- 
bose, longitudinaliter dehiseentes. Ovarium inferum, l-loculare; ovula 2, rarius 3, pendula, ana- 
tropa. Stylus subulatus; stigma acutum.  Drupa angulata v. compressa, ad margines sæpe 2-5- 
alata, carnosa v. exsucca, putamine lignoso l-spermo. Semen inversum. Embryonis exalbuminosi 
orthotropi cotyledones circa radiculam superam spiraliter convolutz. Arbores v. frutices; ramis 
sepe subverticillatis; folis ad apices ramorum confertim alternis integerrimis v. crenulatis, sspe 
pellucido-punctatis, exstipulatis; floribus abortu polygamis bracteatis racemosis v. glomeratis, albis 
viridibus v. coloratis.— Chuncoa, Pav. in Juss. Gen. 76. Gimbernatia, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. 138. t. 
36. Catappa, Gertn. Fruct. vol. ii. p. 206. t. 197. Myrobalanus, Gertn. Fruct. vol. ii. p. 90. 
t. 97. : d ; 
i Under the name of * Katappers of Indianensche Amandelboom,” Terminalia Catappa was first men- 
tioned by Johan Nieuhof, in his ‘Gedenkweerdige Brasilianense Zee- en Lant-Reize, Amsterdam, 1682, 
fol., who at p. 237 gives a general description of the tree and its uses, and says there is more than one kind 
of the fruit :—“ Daer is meer als eenerlei flagh van deze vruchten; want zommige hebben een bleek root- 
achtige schil, en zijn wat grooter; en andere een geele, gelijk gezeit is.” The former is doubtless Hass- 
karl's var. macrocarpa, the latter his chlorocarpa (fructibus minoribus viridi-flavescentibus). Rheede 
(Hort. Mal., part iv. p. 5. t. 3, 4, 1682), under the name of Adamarum, gives in pl. 3 an excellent portrait 
of the tree, in which its coniferous habit is faithfully represented. He says the drupe is at first green, 
ultimately “rufo.” Hence his plant represents probably the var. macrocarpa of Hasskarl. Ray (His- 
toria Plant. pp. 1521, 1688) quotes both Nieuhof and Rheede, and copies almost verbatim Rheede's de- 
— Plukenet (‘ Almagest,’ p. 28; Lond. 1696) enumerates “ Amygdala Indica sive Adamarum, 
H. Malab,, p. 4, eujus meminit Joh. Nieuhof, in suo itinerario." A specimen preserved in Plukenet’s her- - 
barium (Herb. Sloane, vol. xcii., back of fol. 12, Brit. Mus.), is the true Terminalia. Catappa. . Linneus 
