BOTANICAL INFORMATION. 37 
City or Ozinas, (Carirat or Piauny,) 
July 6, 1889. 
My last dee sent by way of Bahia, informed you of the 
distressing predicament in which I was placed, owing to the 
revolution which broke out in the province of Maranham, 
and by which any intercourse with other parts of the coun- 
try was rendered difficult and uncertain. "These disturbances 
haye since increased so much as to compel me to relinquish 
my plan for investigating Tocantins, the intermediate coun- 
try being in the hands of the insurgents. This city is now 
filled with rustic troops, who are undergoing the necessary 
process of being drilled, preparatory to sending them. to the 
succour of the town of Cachias, a place that for two months 
has been closely invested by the rebels. The inhabitants are 
in a state of starvation, and great fears are entertained, lest 
the rebels, whose numbers now amount to 5000, should force 
an entrance, and put all the Portuguese inbabitants at least, 
to the sword. The massacre and extermination of foreign- 
ers is one of their articles of war. In the villa of Pastos | 
Bons, of which they are masters, they killed five weed 
merchants, and one Brazilian. 
Had it not been for circumstances which mide delay- 
ed me here, I should have been myself at the above-mentioned - 
villa, when it fell into the rebels’ hands. Till a few days ago, 
I had intentions of returning to. Pernambuco, in company 
with Don Casimirio José de Morais Sarmiento, a young 
Brazilian who has shown me much kindness since my arrival 
here; but I have since changed my mind, and now intend to 
proceed up through this province to those of Goyaz and Minas 
Geraes, and from thence descend to Rio de Janeiro. This 
route cannot be expected to yield me so many novelties as 
the one by the Tocantins would have done, but it promises 
better than returning to Pernambuco. The collections I- 
have been making in this district are to go by Don Sarmis .— 
ento to Pernambuco on one of my own horses, and I exp Re 
they will be despatched in about an hour. E ut 
Of late I have been much.at a loss for want of pape 
