168 NOTICE OF BOTANICAL PUBLICATIONS. 
are as transparent as amber, and nearly colourless. It is prot 
cured by the very simple process of cutting a notch in the 
tree, sloping inwards and downwards. This is soon filled 
with the juice, which in a short time indurates by exposure 
to the air. When used as a varnish, the common practice is to 
apply the balsam before it has become hard; but when that 
is not procurable, the resin, melted by a slow heat, and mixed 
with boiling linseed oil, forms a varnish which answers 
for most purposes. In addition to these more common 
applications of Piney, it is, on the Malabar coast, made into 
candles, which diffuse, in burning, an agreeable fragrance, 
give a fine clear light, with little smoke, and consume the 
wick, so as not to require snuffing. For making them, the - 
fluid resin may either be run into moulds, or when yet soft : 
and pliable in course of hardening, be rolled into the re 
quired shape. Some of these candles that were sent home, - 
were much esteemed, and sold for very high prices, but the 
protective duties on made candles, imported into Britain, are 
so great, as to amount to a prohibition, and put a stop to this. 
trade. The crude Piney is however still sent, for the purpose 
of being manufactured at home." * 
** The medicinal properties of Camphor are too well appre- 
ciated, to require notice here, while those of Dammer are 85 
yet but little known. The late Dr Herklots directed atten- 
tion to a native remedy for Berriberri, Chloroxylon, black or 
liniment, the basis of which is Dammer, and gave a formula 
for its preparation which has been published by Mr Malcolm- 
son, (page 328 of his essay on Berriberri.) Both these gen- 
tlemen recommend it as a useful auxiliary in the treatment. 
of this most fatal disease. Of its merits, I am unable to 
speak from personal knowledge, as I have never witnesse 
its use. Nor indeed have I ever seen the medicine; but Mr : 
Malcolmson seems to think it preferable to the lihiments in - 
general adopted amongst us, for most cases requiring. that 
kind of Stimulus. As nearly all the plants belonging to this 
Order are trees among the most majestic of the forest, they 
are esteemed for their timber, as well as for their resinous 
