NEW LICHENS. 171 
"more brown, the laciniæ of the thallus wider, and the 
margins of the apothecia entire. 
27. P. livida, Tayl.; thallo substellato, adnato, cinereo, 
nudo, rugoso, laciniis angustis, difformibus, periphericis 
sinuato-incisis, dichotomis atque retusis, subtus atro- 
fibrillosis ; gemmis concoloribus granulatis, demum expla- 
natis; apotheciis sparsis, majoribus, demum planis, 
margine, gemmis compresso-granulatis, crenulato, disco 
livide purpurascenti. 
Has. On bark; New Orleans; Hook. Aerb.— Thallus resem- 
bling. some states of P. stellaris, Ach., however, it is 
flatter and neither so stellate or so white. The apothecia 
are exteriorly smooth and are sessile, their margins tbin, 
expanding and breaking up, the disk of a pale leaden- 
purplish colour. 
28. P. mamillata, 'Tayl.; thallo cæspitoso, adscendente, sub- 
stellato, pubescenti, albido-cinereo, laciniis linearibus, 
pinnatifidis, ciliatis, subtus  canaliculatis, albidioribus, 
levibus, venoso-lacunosis ; gemmis granulatis, tumidis ; 
 apotheciis podicellatis, demum planis, disco füsio; 3 mar- 
gine subintegerrimo, extus pubescentibus. —— 
Has. From Dr. Fischer; Hook. herb.: also Canaries ; Di 
"Lemann.—Patch 3-4 inches wide, brownish: ash-coloured, e 
covered with a short concolorous ‘pubeset hich, 
however, is wanting beneath. Ultimate ches o 
_ Pedate ; lobes very short, their terminations not udleniistel 
-asin P. villosa, Ach., nor terete as in P. ephebea, Ach., 
` whilst the colour of the thallus is very different from that —— 
of P. Atlantica, Ach. Besides, on none of these three do _ 
^mamillate granules occur. The apothecia are described | 
from Dr. Fischer's specimens. rade E 
: S P. mutabilis, „Tayl. ; thallo suborbicaato, levigat 
d |convexis, subtus. Sri migro-villosis 5 
