38 Amrriran IfnrflciiUurul Soclitii. 



Dcpartmont of Agriculture at Washington, from Dr. Kegel, hy the Iowa Col- 

 lege, and from Mr. Shroeder, by Ellwanger and Barry, from another source 

 in Moscow, al.^o hy the Iowa roilogo from Kursk, and from Voronesh. I 

 know we have three ilillerent ai)i)le.s and 1 think four among these six im- 

 portjitions of Arahka. Besides this the Iowa College has Herrenapfel from 

 Mr. Shroeder, of Moscow, from Wagner, and from Goegginger, of Kiga, and 

 from Wohler, of Wilna : and the Department of Agriculture received it from 

 Dr. Kegel. The Herrenapfel is an Arahka. Imagine then the confusion 

 that will arise from sending out Kussian api)les without noting the sources 

 whence they were received. 



The manuscripts which accompany importations render the Russian 

 sounds into Knglish each from its own standjioint. Hence, in one we lind 

 Lu/.oir, in another Jussow, both equally correct, and yet at first glance we 

 might not see that they were the same. In the list received by the Iowa 

 •College from Petrowskai Rasumowskaj, near Moscow, in Mr. Budd's copy, I 

 lind Sheltnii and ('icluii for.foti or Joltui, besides other variations of the word, 

 and in the list issued by the Department of Agriculture I lind Schoiti Schotoi, 

 Schaltui, Scholtie and Scholto. In this latter case, however, the printer is in 

 part to blame, and thus through a combination of causes we lind words like 

 Walison(o for Xalivn;e, words scarcely recognizable. Owing to this the Iowa 

 ('ollege has issued its Kussian apj)Ies, for the most part, by number; but this 

 will not do. Mistakes always have and always will take place when varieties 

 are propagated by numbers, and besides this (as I have already shown in my 

 paper on the Kussian apples imported by U. S. Department of Agriculture 

 in 1870), Dr. Kegel's pomology, issued in INGS, the collection .^ent by Dr. 

 Kegel to Iowa in 1879, and Dr. Kegel's catidogue of 1882, ditlier as to the num- 

 bers given to certain varieties. 



The translation of these names has been very faulty, sometimes merely 

 unmusical, Smelling ap])le, Sandy Dlass and Lieby, which last probably refers 

 to a recumbent form of tree. We have, also, in the Department list, in one 

 instance, Krimskje translated Krimtarter. It is true the Krim, the inhabi- 

 tant of the Crimea,as we would say, is a Tartar, yet juicy Krimtarter seems 

 a strange compound and but faintly suggests a Crimean transi>arent apple. 

 But sometimes tin se translations are wholly wrong and misleading. In the 

 De])arlment list we have Knlbeer,or Strawberry apple, translateil lied Calville. 

 Astrachanskic Skvosnio is not Ked Astradiaii, hut Transparent Astrachan. 

 IMpka Govkaya is the Bitter, not the Butter Pipka. Schirokolitchiko, I am 

 told, is not the Broad Leaved,but the Broad Cheeked ajjplc : and Skruijajichor 

 Skrischapcl, I am also told, does not mean Cross apple, yet it has been sent 

 out both from Washington and from Ames under that name. The Iowa Ag- 

 ricultural College have .sent out very few of their lirst importations by name, 

 yet among them I see that the Pipka (Istrokonetchnaya has been issued un- 

 der the imfortimate nanu^ of Astrachan I'ijtpin. 



Some of the Kussian names, like many of the German, French and Eng- 

 lish names, are altogether too long. Nasliednik Nikolai Alexandrovitch is 



