Native Grapes of the United States. 139 



This teaches the northern vineyardist that he need not try the Scupper 

 nong, the Mustang, the Caribbea, nor the Cinerea and ^stivahs from the 

 far South, especially of the low, warm wooded regions. Even Labrusca is 

 not the most proper species for the inland hardships, though great blessings 

 have followed the efforts of Bull, Rogers, Moore, Miller, Campbell and many 

 others. From the exposed fields of the large-fruited ^stivalis and "steel- 

 clad " Rupestris, and Riparia of the West and Southwest, where parching 

 drought, balmy zephyrs, play summer one day, and rattling hail and sleet, 

 and bare-faced, whistling " Northers " play winter the next, can the experi- 

 menter draw with immeasurable prospects of great success in this region. 

 On the other hand, the South can feel encouraged most royally in her large, 

 luscious Scuppernongs, jEstivalis, and the wonderfully prolific, long-clus- 

 tered, tightly clinging exquisite Cinerea See what has resulted from acci- 

 dental wild mixing of Cinerea and ^Estivalis, in Georgia and elsewhere ! 

 Warren, Herbemont, Le Noir, Pauline, Louisiana, Harwood, and still brighter 

 gems yet to hear from, have come to bless millions of homes with a spright- 

 lier fruit than was ever known among the Vinifera developments of thou- 

 sands of years. 



The discovery of the truth that the Warren, Herbemont, etc., are the re- 

 sult of such a mixture, is of inconceivable value to the American vine-grower. 



I humbly claim the honor of the solution and demonstration of this knotty 

 question of the scientific viticulturist before you here to-day. I am happy 

 to have the privilege, by the kind invitation of your President, to declare 

 this discovery before the largest horticultural society in the world— The 

 American Horticultural— under the span of the greatest horticultural hall, 

 and within the grounds of the greatest exposition the world ever saw, and 

 to demonstrate it, in part, by growing plants in pots, mounted leaves, seeds 

 and wood, before you here. After years of diligent search, enquiry, collect- 

 ing samples, and the growing of thousands of seedlings of Herbemont, aided 

 by comparative anatomy, and having samples of other such hybrids, known 

 as such, produced by Hermann Jaeger, and a number found wild by me, I 

 feel satisfied I have demonstrated what Prof. Millardet has recently surmised 

 by botanical analysis. 



In connection with these investigations many other similar but less diffi- 

 cult problems have been solved. The Delaware proves to be a hybrid of 

 Labrusca and ^Estivalis, having no Vinifera blood, as generally supposed. 

 Cynthiana proves to be only a synonym for Norton's Virginia, and not a na- 

 tive variety from Arkansas. Warren proves to be a distinct variety from 

 Herbemont and not a synonym. The original vine stands in Warren county, 

 Georgia, hale and healthy, over thirty-three inches in circumference at base. 

 There are numerous seedlings of Warren in various parts of the South, 

 varying slightly from it. Of these Herbemont appears to be one. 



Now I feel we need no longer invite rot, mildew and philloxera, by hy- 

 bridizing with Vinifera, seeking fine quality when we have such examples 

 of pure American blood with freedom from disease, as are Delaware, Ulster 



