1007. BuPLEURUM Ramosissimum (W. € A3 
perennial, diffuse and much branched, leaves oblong- 
linear, with a long mucro, narrowed towards. the 
base, amplexicaul, 5-9 nerved, between coriaceous 
and membranaceons : general umbels with 5-8 rays ነ 
partial with 8-12 flowers : leaflets of the involucre and 
involuced about 5, oblong linear, mucronate; the 
former 2-3 times shorter than the rays; the latter 
rather longer than the flowers, shorter than the fruit : 
fruit about ahalf longer than the pedicels, strongly rib- 
bed ;interstices with 1-2 vittæ.— W&A. Prod. p. 370. 
Common among bushes and thickets. In such 
situations it is frequent on every road side, fre- 
quently attaining a large size. I have seen plants seven 
or eight feet or more in height. It is well named 
ramosissimum but that of mucronatum seems equally 
appropriate, and after comparing many specimens 
in all states and forms, I am now satisfied that one 
of these species must be reduced. B. virgatum seems 
also too nearly allied to these. 
1008. Pastinaca SPRINGELIANA (R. W. Hera- 
cleum Sprengelianum W.andA )Stem much branched, 
furrowed when dry, rough; leaves puberulous on 
both sides, unequally pinnate, purnæ pinnatifid 
divisions ovate, irregularly lobed, ultimate division 
3, lobed, lobes acute serrated: petals equal: nearly 
orbicular vittee on the back, linear acute, shorter than 
the fruit the lateral ones in the middle of the 
insterstices; vitte on the commissure, 4 slightly 
clavate and ۰ 
A very large coarse growing species frequent about 
hedges and enclosures, perhaps in other situations 
among thickets in moist rich soil: of this however 
I am not quite certain, as I find there are two species 
closely resembling each other, which 1 have hitherto 
confounded. 
1009. Pastinaca RIGENS (R. W. Heracleum 
rigens Wall D. C. W. and A.) stem slightly 
branched, furrowed, pubescent or hirsute: leaves 
ternate ; divisions roundish, somewhat cordate at the 
base, toothed, upper side more or less seabrous with 
short hairs, under-densely pubescent or tomentose, 
lateral ones on a short, terminal one on a long 
petiole, the latter bluntly 3-lobed or ternate ; leaflets 
of the involucel ovate : petals equal: fruit obovate ; 
vittze on the back linear, much shorter than the fruit, 
the lateral ones in pairs, and close to the intermediate 
ridges: vittæ on the commissura 4, acute, unequal, 
the two outer the shorter.— W. and A. Prod. p. 373. 
Frequent in pastures, flowering during the rainy 
autumnal months. The radical leaves are usually 
pinnated and lie on the ground, ‘The specimens 
selected for representation is a small one, but as com- 
pared with many of the others, this is a small species, 
though larger than the next. 
1010. Pastinaca Hooxeriana, (R. W. Heracleum 
Hookerianum. W. and A.) Stem nearly simple, fur- 
rowed, coarsely pubescent or somewhat hirsute with 
short glutinous hairs ; leaves nearly radical, 3-lobed, 
toothed, sparingly pubescent or hairy on the upper 
side, shortly tomentose on the under ; lobes roundish, 
toothed, the terminal one the largest and often 3- 
lobed ; upper stem-leaves few, and sometimes almost 
reduced to the mere sheaths ; umbels long-peduncled, 
with 6-10 rays: leaflets of the involucre persistent 
during flowering, afterwards deciduous. lanceolate- 
subulate : of the involucel oblong lanceolate, longer 
than the flowers: petals (whitish with a tinge of red) 
unequal : fruit (very immature) sprinkled with a 
few short hairs; commissura with 2 vittæ.— W. and 
A. Prod. p. 337. 
Like the preceding this frequents pastures, on the 
slopes of the hills, and during the rainy season, 
is equally abundant: it is readily distinguished by 
its naked stems, the leaves being all radical and lying 
flat on the ground. 
Being unable to discover any characters, by which 
these species and several others in my collection, may 
be distinguished generally from Pastinaca, the older 
genus of the two, I have been induced to refer them 
all to that genus in preference to retaining both it and 
Heracleum in the Indian Flora, It is my impression 
that there is no difference between the two genera but 
I leave that for those who have better means of deter- 
mining the point to decide. So far asjwritten charac- 
ters go there is no difference but there may be in habit, 
with which I am unacquainted, 
1011 & 12 Hepera (P.) osovata (R. W.) arbore- 
ous, glabrous, leaves digitate; leaflets about 5, petio- 
led, obovate, cuniate, very obtuse or sometimes obcor- 
date, coriaceous : thyrses numerous, aggregated to- 
wards the ends of the branches, ebractiate : umbels 
numerous, solitary in each peduncle, flowers pedicel- 
led: petals, stamens and stigmas from six to eight 
ovary 6-8-celled. 
A rather widely distributed tree, of small size, 
occurring in alpine jungles. I have specimens from 
Courtallum; Shevagherry Hills; Hills near Coim- 
batore, aud from the jungles about Coonoor. The 
Specimen from which the drawing was taken is from 
the latter station, where it flowers in April and May. 
1013-14. Hepera (P.) rostrata (R. W.) arbor- 
eous, glabrous: leaves digitate ; leaflets 5 to 9 lon- 
gish petioled, ovate lanceolate acuminated, serrated : 
thyrses solitary, terminal, at first furnished with seve- 
ral sheathing cuspidate bracts: (abortive leaves) 
lateral peduncles bracteated, from one to three um- 
belled : flowers numerous pedicelled : petals 5, dehis- 
ing before falling : stamens and styles 5, exserted, 
cohering and forming a beak, persistent in the fruit : 
ovary and fruit 5-celled. 
A considerable tree frequent in woods near 
Nedawuttem and Sisparah on the Neilgherries. The 
serrated leaves and long beak-like style at once dis- 
tinguish this species. The branches of the thyrse, 
in the specimen from which the drawing was made, 
seem all to have borne solitary umbels,my specimens, 
however, in some instances, have three umbels on 
one branch. ‘This speciesseemsto go far towards 
reducing the genus Gilibertia. 
1015. Hepera (P.) racemosa (R. W.) arbore- 
ous, leaves digitate : leaflets about 7 form oblong, 
lanceolate acuminated, undulate on the margin, to 
elliptic cuspidate: thyrses panicled, usually lateral 
(from the previous year’s wood} branches racemose و‎ 
flowers pedicelled, furnished at the base of the pedicel 
with a small somewhat subulate bractea: petals and 
‘stamens 5, styles 5 short ; stigmas distinct obtuse: 
fruit 5-celled. < 
A large tree of rather rare occurrence. À few fine 
trees 70 or 80 feet high, and large in proportion are 
growing in the woods behind Kelso land in Ootaca- 
mund. I have met with it in several other places, 
but no where abundant The very peculiar inflores- 
cence at once distinguishes it from the rest of the 
genus, The leaflets vary a good deal in form and 
size ; 10 some of my specimens they are searcely 
waved nearly elliptic with a short cuspidate point, 
under 4 inches long, and 1} broad, in others they are 
6 or 7 inches long and about 2-bread, much waved. 
Flowers June and July. 
(12) 
