1141. SoNCHUS cILratus (Lam. D. C.) stem erect, 
glabrous, op rarely pilosely glandular towards the ex- 
tremities of the branches : cauline leaves stem clasping, 
acutely dentate—ciliate, runcinate or undivided ; the 
auricles acuminate : involucra and pedicels nearly 
glabrous : achenia along, the nerves transversely muri- 
culato—rugous.—.D. C. L. ር. 7. 185. 
Widely distributed over India especially among 
rubbish by wall sides in sheltered places. 
1142. Soxchus WIGHTIANUS (D. C.) root ligni- 
ous: stem ascending erect, somewliat angular, glabrous : 
leaves stem clasping, with roundish auricles, oblong- 
lanceolate, unequally and acutely dentate, glabrous, 
glaucescent; the upper ones nearly linear: the laxly 
corymbose pedicels and involucra glanduloso— pilose : 
achenia oblong striated, very slenderly transversely— 
rugose— D. C. l. ር. 7. 187. 
Shady places—ln cocoanut plantations at Ootakal- 
mund near Coimbatore rather frequent, flowering dur- 
ing the rainy and cool season. In the shaded rich soil 
of these plantations, this plant sometimes though rarely 
altains a height of nearly 4 feet but seems quite an 
aunual. 
It seems quite distinct from the preceding. 
1143. Picris HIERACIOIDES (Lim) stem erect, usu- 
ally rough with barbed hairs, corymbosely ramous at 
the apex: leaves semi-amplexicaul lanceolate, coarsely 
dentate, rough: exterior scales of the involucrum ob- 
long lax.— D. C. I. ር. 7. 128.— Var q Indica. Corymb 
much divaricated. 
Neilgherries frequent, flowering during the rainy and 
cool seasons. This seems to bea widely distributed 
species both in India and Europe, I have specimens 
from Courtallum, the Pulney mountains and Neilgher- 
ries and according to D. C. P. hamulosa Wall. A 
Nepaul plant does not differ. 
1144. MULGEDIUM NEILGHERRENSE (R. W.) stem 
erect glabrous, somewhat panicled at the apex : cauline 
leaves runcinately pinnatifid, doubly crenate, dilated 
and somewhat stemclasping at the base, terminal lobe 
subrhomboid, attenuated upwards, mucronate, somewhat 
hairy on both sides especially on the veins beneath ; 
floral ones entire lanceolate : pedicels hairy at the apex: 
capitula ovate, scales of the involucrum imbricate, 
exterior ones hairy on the back: achenia obovate com- 
pressed, ending in a long beak : pappus double, exterior 
short paliaceous ; interior long slender setaceous— Plant 
from two to four feet high, flowers purple. 
Neilgherries not unfrequent in jungly ground and by 
road sides flowering during rainy and cool seasons. 
The double pappus of this species seems to indicate 
that technically it does not belong to this genus, but as 
its whole habit is strongly in accordance with it, I with- 
out hesitation place it here. 
1145. MICRORHYNCUS GLABER (R. W. Lactuca 
glabra D. C.) glabrous, stem naked, dichotomously 
branched about equal or a little longer than the leaves ; 
leaves elongate-linear, somewhat rigid, acute, either entire 
or dentate : capitula corymbose long pedicelled cylin- 
drical 7-8 flowered : involuerum calyculate with lanceo- 
late squamelle; squamæ 5-6 linear lanceolate somewhat 
scariose on the margin, thrice as long as the calyculus و‎ 
achenia five angled obscurely beaked.—Denticuli of 
the leaves sometimes nearly wanting oftener retrorse : 
leaves 2-3 inches long, 2-4 lines broad.—.D. C.l. c. 
7.—135 under Lactuca. 
Neilgherries rather common to be met with in flower 
at all seasons but most abundant during the rains from 
July to December. I have ventured to remove this 
plant from the genus in which D. C. placed it as the 
achenium corresponds accurately with the one and not 
at all with the other. In Lactuca the achenium is 
flattened and abruptly lengthened into a long filiform 
beak: in this it is pentangular and scarcely beaked. 
1146. Bracuyrampnus Heyneanus (R. W. Lac- 
tuca Heyneana D. C.) stem erect, glabrous, terete, naked 
above : leaves rigid subradicle, runcinate, coarsely sito- 
so-ciliate ; the rest glabrous stem clasping : capitula 
cylindrical short pedicelled remotely fascicled along the 
branches: achenia compressed striated slightly muri- 
cate, shortly beaked.—Achænia black scabrous pappus 
white very soft.— D. C. 7. 140: 
Coimbatore and elsewhere by wall sides and hedges, 
flowering during the rainy season. The oblong muricate 
achænia ending abruptly in a short thick beak, nota 
long filiform one has induced me to remove this also 
from the genus Lactuca with which it certainly does not 
associate but sorts well with Brachyramphus. 
1147. Youxcia NAPIFOLIA (D. C.) :glabrous or 
subhirsute at the base; stem erect, terete, loosely pani- 
cled and nearly leafless at the apex : radicle and infe- 
rior cauline leaves petioled, runcinate—lyrate, lobes 
oval oblong obtusely sinuate, mueronately dentate, the 
extreme ones confluent: involuerum 8-phyllus minutely 
calyculate : achænia attenuated at the apex.—.D. C. I. c. 
T. 193. 
Coimbatore rather frequent about hedges and in 
neglected places where it meets with some shelter, flow- 
ering during the rainy season. I leave this as placed 
by D. C. though according to my own impression erro- - 
neously. DeCandolle suggests that it might almost be 
placed in the section Mycelis of Lactuca along with the 
preceding. To my mind the whole section, and this 
along with them, would have been more appropriately 
referred to Brachyramphus, that is, if they all corres- 
pond with the sectional character “ beak two or three 
times shorter than the achævium.” 
1148. Vicea Inpica (D. C.) leaves auricled at the 
base lanceolate acuminate serrated or nearly entire, 
more or less puberulous on both sides: ligule twice 
as long as the disk.— D. C. prod. 5. 474. 
A very common plant to be met with all over India 
and generally in flower during rainy weather. Flowers 
bright yellow. 
OLIGOLEPIS (R. W. not Cassini.) 
Gen. CHAR. Capitula numerous heterogamous 
about 5 flowered. Flowers all tubular: females few 
(about 4) in the circumference, pedicelled, slender, 
3-toothed : hermaphrodite solitary, sessile, 5-tooth- 
ed subcampanulate. Style 2 cleft in the female, undi- 
vided in the herm. Achznia beakless, of the female 
terete hairy, of the disk absolately 4 sided glabrous. 
Pappus none. 
Glabrous annuals with decurrent subspathulate ser- 
rated leaves and dense ovate oblong axillary glome- 
rules. Involucra, usually, one scale to each flower, 
that of the hermaphrodite much larger, forming a com- 
mon involucrum to the capitulum, aristato-mucronate ; 
those of the females linear obtuse mucronate or some- 
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