12 AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 



soils — systems of farming. 3. The composition of (a) manures — farmyard 

 and artificial — period and mode of application. The composition of (6) feeding 

 substances — their suitability for different classes of farm stock — considera- 

 tions affecting their use. 4. "How crops grow" — our farm crops — their culti- 

 vation — diseases — insect injuries and remedies — their chemical composition. 

 The formation and management of plantations. 5. The principles on which 

 drainage, irrigation, and warping operations should be based and carried out. 

 The application of lime — marl — clay, &c. 6. Meteorology, or the laws of 

 climate as affecting plant life — the influence of light and heat on cultivation 

 — of absorption and retention of heat and moisture — of porosity and capil- 

 larity in soils. 8. The breeding, rearing, feeding, and general treatment of 

 farm stock — the different breeds of cattle and sheep — their characteristics — 

 the districts where they are generally met with. 9. The machines and imple- 

 ments used in farming— their uses — and the principal points to be attended 

 to in their construction. The " prime movers," or sources of power used in 

 agriculture — man — horse — wind — water — steam, — their relative values and 

 advantages. Text-books — Morton's " Cyclopedia of Agriculture," Blackie & 

 Son; " Our Farm Crops," Blackie & Son ; " How Crops Grow," Macmillan & 

 Co.; Roscoe's "Elementary Chemistry," Macmillan & Co.; Lindley's, Henfrey's, 

 or Balfour's " Botany ;" Page's " Geological Text-Book," Blackwood & Sons-'-j 



II.— BOTANY. 



1. Nutritive Organs of Plants — root, stem, leaves. Functions of roots. 

 Various kinds of steuis, with examples. Use of the stem. Structure of 

 leaves. Different kinds of leaves. Arrangement and functions of loaves. 

 2. Reproductive Organs — Flower and its parts. Arrangements of the whorls 

 of the flower — calyx, corolla, stamens, pistil. Ovule. Mature pistil or fruit. 

 Pruning and grafting. Seed. Young plant or embryo. Sprouting of the 

 seed, or germination. 3. General Principles of Classification — meaning of 

 the terms Class, Order, Genus, Species, Illustrations of natural orders taken 

 from plants used in agriculture, such as grain-crops, grasses, clovers, vetches, 

 turnips, mangold-wurzel, pease, beans, &c. Practical Examination in fresh 

 Specimens and Models; some of the latter may be seen in the Museum, at 

 the Royal Botanic Garden, which is open daily to the public, free. Tex<- 

 6oo)l-— Balfour's " Elements of Botany," A. & C. Black, 1876; price 3s. 6d. 



III.— CHEMISTRY. 



The general principles of chemical combination. The chemistry of the more 

 commonly occurring elements, and their more important compounds. The 

 chemical processes concerned in agriculture generally. The changes which 

 take place in the germination, growth, and maturation of plants, in the weather- 

 ing and manuring of soils, &c. The composition and chemical character of the 

 common mineral manures. Text-books — Roscoe's " Lessons in Elementary 

 Chemistry," Macmillan & Co., London ; price 4s. 6d. Anderson's " Ele- 

 ments of Agricultural Chemistry," A. & C. Black, Edinburgh; price 6s. 6d. 

 Johnson's " How Crops Grow," Macmillan & Co., London. 



IV.— NATURAL HISTORY. 



1. Zoology. 



1. The Primary Divisions of the Animal Kingdom, with examples of each. 

 2. The Vertebrate Kingdom. The peculiarities and functions of the alimen- 

 tary canal, distinguishing the Ruminants. 3, The Orders — Hymenoptera, 

 Diptera, and Coleoptera — with examples of insects injurious to farm crops 

 belonging to each of the Orders — the preservation of birds which prey upon 

 these insects, dra-.ving a distinction between those which are beneficial and 

 those which are destructive to crops. Text-book — Nicholson's '' Introductory 

 Text-Book of Zoology," William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh and Loudon. 



