53 



can be destroyed by spraying even in August and September, but 

 it is doubtful if a fall application would pay its cost. We are now 

 testing this point. These applications, even when a half dozen, 

 need not cost more than 15 to 25 cents for a large tree for the 

 whole season, counting both materials and labor. The following 

 are good formulas : 



1. Dissolve 1 oz. carbonate of copper in 1 qt. of aqua-ammonia ; 

 dilute with 100 qts. of water when ready to apply. 



2. Place 2 lbs. of copper sulphate in sufficient hot water to dis- 

 solve it, and in another vessel dissolve 2^> lbs. carbonate of soda. 

 Mix, and before using add i}4 pints of ammonia, and then dilute 

 with water to about 30 gallons. This is the modified can celeste 

 mixture. 



The former is probably the better. 



The quince leaf-blight ( K E?ito)nosporin/n) is readily destroyed 

 upon quince and pear stocks by four or five applications of Bor- 

 deaux mixture. There is ever}' reason to believe that the remedy 

 is practicable upon full grown quince trees as well. The only ex- 

 periments yet reported upon orchard trees, so far as I know, were 

 made by Professor Weed, in Ohio, (Bull. 14, Ohio Exp. Sta.), who 

 found that the treatment was effective. The following is a good 

 formula for Bordeaux mixture : 



Dissolve 6 lbs. sulphate of copper in 16 gals, water. In another 

 vessel slake 4 lbs. fresh lime in 6 gals, of water. When the lat- 

 ter cools, pour it slowly into the copper solution, mixing the two 

 thoroughly. It is best to prepare the mixture a day or two be- 



fore using. 



II. PEACHES.* 



Peaches have suffered from three enemies. The chief cause of 

 the loss of fruit this year in Western New York is undoubtedly 

 the curl-leaf, a fungous disease (Taphrina deformans: also written 

 lixoasens deformans and Ascomyces deformans). Fig. 6 shows a 

 diseased leaf. The leaves become curled, crumpled and distorted 

 early in the season and they soon fall. Nearly all the leaves fell 

 from peach trees last spring over a large extent of country. This 

 loss of foliage caused the death of the young fruits. The dis- 



^We have not had opportunity to study the causes of the failure of the 

 plum and cherry crops. Up to the 'lite of writing, the foliage in plum 

 orchards, so far as we know, is healthy. 



