CREAM RAISING BY DILUTION. 



It has been recommended that in the absence of ice the addi- 

 tion of an equal quantity of water either hot or cold to fresh milk 

 in deep cans would secure rapid and complete creaming. To 

 compare this method with the ordinary one of setting the milk in 

 deep cans in ice-water, and further to test the efficiency of cream- 

 ing by diluting the milk with water in various amounts and at 

 different temperatures, experiments have been undertaken. 



The milk was in all cases the mixed milk of the University 

 herd, the cows of which are about two thirds high grade Holstein 

 and one-third high grade Jersey. About one-third of the cows 

 were fresh and the rest had been in milk from five to eight months. 

 The analyses were made by Mr. Harry Snyder, Assistant 

 Chemist.* 



A large number of trials were made in which portions of milk 

 diluted with an equal weight of cold water w T ere compared 

 w 7 ith portions from the same milkings set in ice water in the 

 Cooley creamer. The milk in some instances was brought di- 

 rectly to the dairy house after milking, thoroughly mixed and 

 one portion set at once in ice water in the Cooley creamer, 

 the remainder was diluted with an equal weight of cold water 

 and set in a Cooley can in the open room. In other cases milk 

 was taken for the settings that had been carried on the milk 

 route for about an hour and a half. All such cases are marked 

 in the tables with an asterisk (*). 



Skimming from deep cans was in all cases done by drawing the 

 skim milk from the bottom of the can, care being taken not to 

 draw the skim milk off so closely as to disturb the cream. 



Trials were also made in which a smaller amount of both warm 

 and cold water was added to the milk, and a few trials were made 

 with deep setting in the open air without the addition of water, 



*Mr. Snyder has furnished the following notes in regard to methods of anal- 

 ysis : "In all of the analyses the fa t-was determined by Dr. Babcock's Asbes- 

 tos Gravimetric Method. Instead of test tubes, fodder tubes as described by 

 Professor Caldwell in Bulletin XII of this Station, were used. The asbes- 

 tos was prepared in the following way : Ignited, washed with distilled water 

 and extracted with ether. Along with each set of twelve, a blank deter- 

 mination was made. Duplicates were made of all analyses, and, in case a 

 parallel was lost, that sample was not included in the average of all the 

 results." • 



