FOLSOM: MOUTH-PARTS OF ANURIDA MABITIMA. 119 
lateral “superlingue,” which have been usually overlooked or disre- 
garded in Pterygote insects, represent a distinct though reduced somite, 
as confirmed by the presence of a primitive ganglion. The superlinguz 
are homologous with the first maxille of Malacostraca, and are probably 
represented in Diplopoda. 
The lingua of insects is homologous with the Crustacean hypopharynx 
and probably with the median constituent of the gnathochilarium of 
Diplopoda. 
Maxille. 
The fundaments of the “ first maxille ” appear next after those of the 
mandibles, and at Stage 1 (Plate 1, Figure 1; Plate 2, Figures 8, 8a, 
mzx.') are a pair of small hemispherical papillz, similar to those of the 
mandibles. At Stage 3 they are longer than the mandibles and must 
consequently have lengthened faster. As seen in transections of the 
germ band, the maxilla is at first a simple ectodermal evagination, api- 
cally rounded, but at Stage 3 (Plate 3, Figure 15) the apex is flattened, 
and a lateral lobe, the beginning of the palp, has appeared ; this lobe is 
also seen in the ventral aspect of the germ band (Plate 3, Figure 11, 
plp.) as well as in the lateral views (Plate 2, Figures 9, 10). The pos- 
terior aspect of the left first maxilla when dissected out is given in 
Plate 3, Figure 17. 
At Stage 4 (Plate 3, Figures 12, 19) the maxilla has elongated con- 
siderably and its base is covered by the lateral fold of the germ band 
(Plate 3, Figure 19, pli. or.), as already mentioned. In the following stage 
(Plate 3, Figures 20, 21, mx.') the maxilla and palpus, though longer, 
are more nearly concealed by the lateral fold. The form of the maxilla 
with its palpus at this stage is shown in Figure 22, which was drawn 
from a dissection; the base of the maxillary fundament is already 
oblique, precisely as described for the mandibles, and the first maxille 
have begun to converge toward the median plane. It is to be remem- 
bered that the palpus is here a secondary lobe of the primary 
fundament. 
At Stage 7 (Plate 4, Figure 24; Plate 5, Figures 29, 30, ma.") the 
first maxillz, now covered by the lateral folds, have swung forward 
through an angle of almost ninety degrees (Figure 24), like the man- 
dibles. Claypole (98, p. 263) states that ‘a flexure of the embryo be- 
gins that results in crowding the mouth-parts together to form a definite 
head,” but such a purely mechanical interpretation will not serve, be- 
