FOLSOM: MOUTH-PARTS OF ANURIDA MARITIMA, 125 
19, palp. mzx."), wihrend das in der directen Fortsetzung des urspriing- 
lichen Maxillen-Zapfens liegende Endstiick zur Lade (lobus) wird.” This 
agrees with Anurida, Campodea, and (Kcanthus, but disagrees with the 
account given by Heymons himself for Lepisma. 
Turning to the Myriopods, Scolopendrella, while undoubtedly more 
closely allied to the Diplopods, nevertheless shows in many ways inter- 
esting correspondences with Campodea, as other writers have already 
stated. The lateral parts of the plate termed the “ gnathochilarium ” 
resemble in several respects the first maxillee of Campodea. According 
to Latzel (84, Taf. I. Figuren 6, 7) and Grassi (’86*, Tay. II. Figure 
5, 10), there is an elongated hollow stipes bearing an outer (galeal) 
and also an inner (lacinial) terminal lobe, both of which agree in detail 
with the comparable structures of Campodea and Japyx; for in Cam- 
podea, a one-jointed palpus is present, and in Campodea, Japyx, and 
Collembola, a “ chitinous rod” extends backward from the lacinia. 
The few muscles shown by Latzel (’84, Taf. I. Figur 7) are to be 
compared with 5. and 6. pr’t. add., and 8. ret. add. of Orchesella (Fol- 
som, ’99, Plate 3, Figures 20, 21). Grassi (86%, p. 16) states that 
muscles from within the organ pass to an endoskeleton, which, as one 
may see from his Figure 25, is essentially like the “ lingual stalks ” 
that I have found in Orchesella and Anurida, and still more nearly like 
the same structure of Campodea and Japyx. All these similarities 
confirm the view, based primarily upon other anatomical data, that 
Scolopendrella most clearly represents the hypothetical ancestor of 
insects. 
Among Diplopods the passage from the more generalized genera, as 
Lysiopetalum or Craspedosoma, ‘to Scolopendrella is clear. In the first 
genus, especially, are seen a cardo (not described as yet for Scolopen- 
drella), stipes, galea, and lacinia, all simple in structure, but no palpus. 
I should state, however, that it remains to confirm these homologies by 
embryology. 
In Campodea the second pair of jaws is usually homologized with 
the first maxille of Insects; but, except in position, there is little re- 
semblance between the two organs. 
The first maxille of insects are usually homologized with the first 
maxille of Crustacea, but if, as I maintain, the “superlingue” are 
equivalent to the latter organs, it follows that the hexapod first maxille 
correspond to the Crustacean second mavxille. 
The primitive biramous character of Crustacean mouth-parts is well 
known, and Hansen (’93, p. 198) has, in connection with this subject, 
