MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN 169 
hole. ‘This is done by means of a block and pulley arrange- 
mént attached to the boom and either to another tree or a 
“dead man” (made by sinking a log 2-3 feet in the ground, 
bracing it with iron rods, attaching a chain to which the 
pulley is later hooked, and tamping the soil thoroughly). The 
power is supplied either by a team of horses or by a windlass. 
As the tree is gradually lifted out of its original place, some of 
the subsoil is removed from the bottom with round-tined 
forks, while the wheels of the truck are blocked to prevent 
slipping. As soon as tilting to a horizontal position is 
accomplished a heavy platform is attached to the truck, 
underneath the ball, and to another truck with a tongue, 
the entire apparatus serving the function of a low wagon, 
the truck with the boom and the tree constituting the rear 
end, while the platform acts as the body of the wagon. In 
this fashion the tree may- be transported conveniently to its 
destined position. The hole for the tree should be dug some- 
what larger in diameter than the ball, but no deeper, as the 
original depth of the roots must be secured. If the subsoil 
is of hard pan or heavy clay extremely retentive of moisture, 
a tile drain should be laid a foot below the bottom of the hole 
to provide proper drainage. If this is neglected death of the 
tree may result, due to excessive moisture causing acidity of 
the soil and subsequent rotting of the roots, If it is imprac- 
ticable to lay a tile drain a makeshift arrangement may be 
made by scooping out a hole at one side of the tree hole and 
running a tile pipe to the surface, through which the excess 
water may be pumped out as rapidly as it accumulates, Poor 
drainage may be ameliorated also by breaking up the subsoil 
with 3-4 charges of 14 stick each of 20-40 per cent dynamite. 
As soon as the hole is ready, two stout planks are placed 
over the opening at the same distance apart as the wheels 
of the front truck. The tree mover is then driven over these 
planks just far enough to place the ball in the exact position 
where it is to remain. The wheels of the back truck are 
blocked, the boom is again connected with a block and pulley 
to a convenient post or tree, while the front truck with the 
board forming the body are detached and the planks taken 
up. This leaves the tree attached to the boom of the back 
truck at the edge of the hole, into which it is lowered by 
means of block and pulley, the boom later being discon- 
nected and removed. Good soil should be filled around the 
roots, well tamped, and watered to produce close contact be- 
tween the feeding roots and the enveloping soil particles 
which is so necessary for proper reéstablishment of the tree. 
Generally, for the first year or two, it is necessary to anchor 
trees to prevent blowing over and to wrap the trunk with 
