EUPHORBIALS. 80 SPURGEWORTS. 
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1. E. oficinarum Linneus.—(Evpnorsiom Busu.) Fig. 120. : 
Leafless ; stems succulent, tufted, prickly, with many angles ; prickles 
pairs, thick and strong. 
Habitat. West of Barbary. : : 
Quality. Resin violently acrid, narcotic, emetic, drastic. 
Uses. Dropsy ; as an errhine in chronic affections of 
ears, eyes, or brain, Dangerous ; mixed with cantha- 
rides, it forms “ gout plaister.”’ 
2. E. antiquorum Linneus.—(Evenorsiom Busi. 
Leafless ; branches succulent, spreading, triangular, 
or quadrangular, with sinuated angles ; prickles 
in pairs. 
Habitat. West of Barbary. : ; 
Quality. Resin violently acrid, narcotic, emetic, drastic. 
Uses. Dropsy ; as an errhine in chronic affections of 
ears, eyes, or brain. Dangerous; mixed with cantha- 
rides, it forms “ gout plaister.”’ 
a. Be hiberna Linneus.—(WinTER SPuRGE.) 
Bracts and leaves ovate or elliptical, entire, obtuse 
glands of involucre reniform ; capsule nur 
cated ; seeds smooth, somewhat shining. 
Habitat. Ireland, and south-west of England. 
Uses. Root in venereal diseases, A fish-poison. 
4. E, Peplus Linneus.—(Perty Spuree.) | 
Leaves broadly ovate, somewhat emarginate, 
stalked ; glands of involucre with long horns 
capsule smooth, with a double keel at each 
angle ; seeds pitted. 
Habitat. A common weed everywhere. 
Uses. Dried herb once used as a powerful purgative. 
5. E. Cyparissias Linneus.—(Crrress Spurce.) 
Leaves linear, entire, smooth ; glands of involucre with 2 horns ; capsule 
dotted and rough at the angles ; seeds smooth. | 
Habitat. Woods of Europe. 
Quality. A virulent poison. 
Uses. An unsafe purgative. 
6. E. Gerardiana Jacquin. : 
Leaves glaucous, linear, mucronate, entire, smooth ; glands of involucre 
undivided ; capsule smooth or nearly so ; seeds smooth. 
Habitat, Europe, in fields and by roadsides. 
Quality. Root cathartic and emetic, 
Uses. Said to be the best of the European Euphorbias. 
7. E. Ipecacuanha Linneus.—(Amertoan Iprcacvanna.) “ 
Roots deep, large and fieshy ; leaves opposite, sessile, oblong, smooth 
involucres solitary, axillary, on long stalks, with 5 blunt segments | 
5 intermediate glands. 3 
Habitat, Sandy places in North America. . , 
Quality. Emetic, purgative, diaphoretic ; apt to produce hypercatharsis. 
Fig. 120, —A diminishedf —_e of Euphorbia officinarum. 
