BERBERALS, 104 BERBER1DS—VINEWOI 
1. B. vulgaris Linnecus.—(BERBERRY Busn.) Fig. 154. y 
Leaves obovate with ciliated serratures ; racemes pen- 
dulous, many-flowered. 
Habitat. Europe. : 
Quality. Berries acid, astringent ; bark astringent. 
Uses. Wood used by dyers, for its yellow colour. 
2. B. Lycium Royle. 
Spines 3-parted, conical ; leaves coriaceous, oblong- 
lanceolate, tapering to the base, mucronate, with 
spiny teeth ; flowering racemes erect; flowers 
small ; racemes of fruit pendulous. 
Habitat. North of India. 
Quality. Very astringent. 
Uses, Extract valuable in ophthalmia. 
Natural Order, Ginewarts ; Vitacew (V. K., p. 439.) 
Prevailing Quality. Acridity. 
Vitis. Linneeus. 
Flowers x/. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals calyptrate. tas 
1. V. vinifera Linneus.—(The Vine.) ; eos 
Leaves angular, lobed, sinuated, toothed, more or less hairy ; fruit sweet. — 7 
Habitat. North of India 2? ees 
Quality. Ripe fruit nutritious, refrigerant, diuretic, laxative ; skin astringent, indigest- 
ible ; colouring matter deranges the stomach. ee 
_ Uses. Preparation of grape wine and brandy ; fevers, inflammatory complaints, 
dysentery, phthisis, i 
Cissus. Linnaeus. 
Flowers /, Calyx 4-toothed. Petals horned. 
1. C. cordata Roxburgh. C. repens Lamarck. se 
Stem creeping ; leaves cordate-ovate, somewhat toothed, smooth; flowers 
in umbels, dark purple. 
Habitat. Malabar. 
Quality. Acrid. 
Uses. Leaves as poultices for indolent tumours. 
Genus or Uncertain AFFINITY, 
Somewhere in the neighbourhood of the Berberal Alliance must stand the 
following genus, whose structure is imperfectly ascertained. = 
Canetta. P. Browne. ae 
Sepals 3, blunt, imbricated. Petals 5. Stamens 20, on a truncated hy] 
gynous cone ; anthers linear. Ovary one-celled, with 2 or 3 pendulous 
anatropal ovules. Stigma emarginate. 
3 aieare re 
Fig. 154,—Leaves of Berberis vulgaris, 
