76 SANGUINARIA CANADENSIS, 
The flower and leaf proceed from the end of 
a horizontal, fleshy, abrupt root, fed by numerous 
radicles. ‘This root makes offsets from its sides, 
which separate as the old root decays, acquiring 
by this separation the abrupt or premorse form. 
Externally the colour of the root is a brownish 
red. Internally it is pale, and when divided emits 
a bright orange coloured juice from numerous 
points of its surface. The bud or hybernaculum, 
which terminates the root, is composed of succes- 
sive scales or sheaths, the last of which acquires a 
considerable size, as the plant springs up. By 
dissecting this hybernaculum in the summer or 
autumn, we may discover the embryo leaf and 
flower of the succeeding spring, and with a com- 
mon magnifier, even the stamens may be counted. 
The Sanguinaria is smooth throughout. The 
leaves grow on long channelled petioles. When 
spread out, they are reniform or heart shaped, 
with large roundish lobes separated by obtuse si- 
muses. ‘The under side is strongly reticulated 
with veins; itis paler than the upper, and at length 
becomes glaucous. The scape is round, rises in 
front of the petiole, and is infolded by the young 
leaf. The calyx consists of two concave, ovate, 
obtuse leaves, which are perfect in the bud, but 
fall off when the corolla expands. Petals eight, 
