1£ SANSKRIT MATERIA MKDICA. 



when they should be expectorated and not swallowed. Tn another 

 form of application called Marsha about a drachm of oil is 

 recommended to be gradually poured into each nostril from a spoon 



or s 



hell. 





ra*r 



is called ims 



la. Liquids used as gargles are so called. Some- 

 times a mixture of liquid and solid substances or solid balls of 

 medicine are taken into the mouth and retained in it till they bring 

 on a discharge from the nose and eyes. This mode of application 



j Qahdusha. When powders or thick solutions are 

 applied to the teeth and gums with the finger, the process of 

 medicament is called irfwPW Pratisdrar/a. 



ftTCfa1% Sirovasti, etc. or applications to the head. Oils or 

 other fluids are applied to the head in four different ways. The 

 first form called Sirovasti, consists in tying a piece of leather four 

 and a half inches in breadth all round the head, luting its lower 

 margin to the skin by a paste of pulse called mdahdkaldya and then 

 filling the cavity thus formed on the top of the head with luke^ arm 

 oil.*The oil is directed to be retained till relief of pain, or till 

 there is discharge from the eyes and nose. It should then be 

 removed and the head washed with warm water. This sort of 

 medication is said to be useful in severe headache and shaking of 



the head. Tn the second form, oil or other fluid h poured in \ 

 stream on the head. This Is called Parisheka, In the third form, 

 called Ptcku, cotton soaked in oil is applied to the scalp ; and in 



the fourth, called Avyanga, the oil is simply nibbed on the head. 



Applications of liquids and medicated oils to the ears are nsrcd 

 in diseases of the head as well as of the ears. The external 

 meatus is filled with the fluid which is allowed to remain in it 

 from one to twenty minutes and is then withdrawn. 



sHnro NetraJearma or applications to the eyes receive various 

 names according to the nature of the substances used and flu 

 manner in which they are applied. Pouring of drops into the eyes 

 is called Athotana* A poultice enclosed wwhin a piece of cloth 

 and applied ever the lids is called Pinda. A paste applied to the 

 lids is called Vi.lalab,. Medicines applied to the margin of the lids 

 or to the conjunctiva with the finger or a Metallic probe an- .-ailed 

 Atyana. These last may be in the shape of powder or liquid or 



