Table 13. Water Consumption Estimated for Several Refineries 

 (Source: Reference 12) 



fresh water are needed from surface water sources or from on-site wells 

 which tap local aquifers. 



Subproject: Stormwater Systems (SP-12) 



Disturbing Activity: Stormwater collection (design and operation) 



Storm runoff from process and storage tank areas of a refinery 

 often contains oil and grease and other toxic substances, and must 

 be collected and treated before discharged to local receiving waters. 

 Because its content of contaminants is similar, this stormwater may 

 be combined with process wastewater for treatment. Large volumes of 

 stormwater may be held in retnetion ponds or tanks until it can be 

 treated and safely discharged. 



Subproject: Solid Waste Disposal (SP-13) 



Disturbing Activity: Solid waste collection and disposal (design 

 and operations) 



Solid wastes that could have major effects on fish and wildlife may 

 be produced by a refinery during oil storage, oil processing, wastewater 



58 



