whitewash and concrete, and cleaning. Total consumptive water use for 

 pipe coating facilities may vary from 3,000 to 15,000 gallons per day [7]. 

 Wastewater discharge is usually minimized through collection and re-use 

 of water from these processes. Process wastewaters are treated by passing 

 them through a series of settling ponds. 



3.6.3 Potential Sources of Disturbance 



The greatest potential for adverse effects on fish and wildlife and 

 their habitats is associated with site preparation, roadways and bridges, 

 navigational improvement, and piers. Slightly less grave effects may be 

 caused by site development, stormwater and industrial wastewater systems, 

 solid waste disposal, and tjulkheads. 



Noise and dust pollution presumably would have small risks of 

 adverse effects on fish and wildlife and their habitats. Nonetheless, 

 pipe cleaning and coating, and general yard activity can generate 

 significant quantities of dust, including cement and rust particles. 

 Dust controls include dust collectors installed in the pipe cleaning 

 structure, in the pipe coating structure, and in the concrete preparation 

 area. Noise levels are reduced by insulating structures and by 

 appropriately modifying equipment. Both dust and noise effects on 

 surrounding areas can be mitigated by use of a vegetated buffer zone 

 around the perimeter of a yard. 



Subproject: Navigational Improvement (SP-1) 



Disturbing Activities: Dredging and spoil deposition 



A key requirement of pipe-coating yards is marine access. The 

 coated pipe must be transported to the offshore field by barges. 

 Uncoated pipe, iron ore aggregate, and other materials arrive by water, 

 wherever feasible. Even where rail or highway transport of heavy 

 material might substitute for supply ships, the necessity of barging 

 the coated pipe offshore requires good navigational access including 

 berth and channel depths of 10 to 15 feet or more. Channels may need to 

 be deepened further (20 to 30 feet) for deep-draft ore ships and other 

 carriers and may need berthing space provided for them. Thus, locating a 

 shipping terminal for the yard at a shallow bay site may require extensive 

 dredging (with its resulting spoil production). 



The need for dredging is of particular concern where bulkheaded dock 

 frontage is proposed. In this case, the excavation and accompanying 

 spoil disposal required to bring ships and barges directly alongside the 

 yard may be extensive. On the other hand, less dredging would be required 

 for pipe-coating yards served by a pier, or for those located on deeper 

 bays. Because of the expense of dredging, and of subsequent maintenance 

 dredging, it is advantageous to the owner to locate a pipe-coating yard 

 near an adequate existing channel. For example, in a developed 



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