Figure Page 



38 Sample infiltration system for runoff water showing 

 the design for (A) receptacle, (B) seepage pit, and 



(C) Dutch drain 152 



39 Cross-section showing leaching from an improperly 



designed sanitary landfill 157 



40 A typical municipal landfill 158 



41 Pathways of oil incorporation into marine ecosystems 



and effects on marine life 162 



42 Schematic representation of the proposed condenser 

 cooling system of a nuclear power station (Shoreham) 



and sources of potential biological damage 167 



43 Potential power plant impacts on striped bass and 



associated food items 169 



44 A mechanical draft cooling tower for power plant 



closed-cycle condenser cooling 170 



45 Recommended marsh management for mosquito control 



based on the ecology of specific marsh elements 174 



46 Open-marsh water management plan to eliminate mosquito 

 breeding in depressions (cross-hatched) by building 



ponds (hatched) and by ditching 177 



47 Example of approved open-marsh water management system 

 for mosquito control (left side) and the outdated grid 



ditching system (right side) 178 



48 Schematic of ditch, dike, and impoundment cross sections 



for mosquito control 179 



49 Pathways of oil input to ocean waters 187 



50 Type, number (in parentheses) and percentage of the 



polluting incidents resulting from tanker accidents 189 



51 Relative magnitude of oil influx from tanker sources 190 



52 Source of oil pollution 194 



53 The fate of oil introduced into the marine environment .... 195 



XIX 



