( I'i ) 



1 can recoguise the following races of the It. jacapa gronji : 

 (a) R.jacapajacapa (Linn.) 



Distribution : ('iii/i'inic, Sini/iam, Bn'f. Guiarta : Lower Amazonki : Para (Steere 

 III)!, ill -Mils. Tring), JIanaos (Natterer); Vpjicr Amazonia : "^waia, Pebas, Ljuitos 

 ill N.E. Pern; (Jnayaliamba, North Peru (Baron coll.); F.aisteni Kcaador : Najio 

 (Gloodfellow coll. — Mus. Tring); Vcni'zaela : on the middle and ujtper Orinoco and 

 its tributary, the Canra River. 



{U) L'. Jacajj'i )t/(iffmrosfri,s Lafr. 



Distribution : Tiinidod ; and N.E. Venezuela: Cnmana (( 'aracciolo coll.), 

 and Gnanoco in the Orinoco-delta (Andre coll. — Mus. Tring). 



This form differs from the typical one by its larger size (wing 80 — 85, instead 

 of 74 — 8U mm.) and larger, stronger bill. 



(<■) li. jacajKi renezueleii.-ti.s Lafr. 



Tliinijiliocehi.i: renezuelensi.'i Lafresiiaye, Ucc. Zool. lS.""v5. ]). ^43 (Venezuela). 



Distribution : North coast of Venezuela, near San Estebau. 



It differs from the two foregoing races in having the wliole ventral surface 

 nearly uniform dark crimson ; only a small patch on the lower abdomen being 

 blackish. In R.j.jucnpu and R. j. mayiiirostris only the throat and the chest are 

 bright crimson, while the breast is decidedly duller and the blackish jiatcli in the 

 middle of the belly more extended. The back is also more washed witli crimson 

 in /?./". cenezxelertsis than in its allies. 



I have a good series of this furni from S. Estebaii, near Puerto Cabello 

 (A. Mocquerys coll.), which answers well the original desc^riptimi. 



(r/) li. jacn/i'i nnicolor Scl. 



RiimpliocelKs unicolor Sclater, P. Z. S. 1850. p. 128 (Bogota). 



Distribution: Colomhiu : Bogota aoW. ; Mcridu, Venezuela. 



Perhaps barely separable from R. j. cenezneleHsis. Seven e.xamjiles before 

 me differ only by the dorsal surface being almost uniform crimson, while in the 

 jirecedent subspecies the back is always rather duller than the pileuni. 



((■) It. jacajKi coii/iecteii-i Bcrl. it Stolzm. 



Rliiimiilioceliiii jacapn connectens Berlepsch it Stolzmami, I'.Z.H. Ln'.m;. p. ;')44 

 (( 'eiitral Pern). 



Distrilintioii.— rVv(//Y</ and Soitth Peru, extending eastwards through the 

 inferior of Brazil (Mattogrosso, Goiaz) to Baliia and southwards to the Rio I'uraini, 

 wliich forms the nurthern frontier of the state S. Paulo. 



This form ditfcrs from y?./'. />/«//;« and R. j. magrdro.'ftri.^ in having only the 

 throat and chest crimson, the breast and abdomen being dull blackish, with but 

 a faint crimson hue. The whole back, too, is uiiil'orm velvety blackisli. 



Jl. atro.v'riri'iis (Lafr. it D'Orli.) from Eastern Bolivia is still ]iurer black 

 above and beneath, and the female is so very dilferent from that of the subsijccies 

 of R. jacapa that it may be regarded as sjiecilically distinct. 



33. Piranga rubra rubra (Linn.). 



Frin(jiUu nihrii Linnaeus, Si/xt. Xiil. ed. x. (176S) p. 181 (ex Catesby. Xul. HIkI. Cnnijinii i. p. 50 



tab. 66. — CaroliiM, A'irginia). 

 Taiiagra aentiva Gmelin, Sygt. Naf. 1. ii. (1788) p. 88'.i (based on the samp). 

 Fjirantjd uestica Sclater, Cm. 13. lirit. .\liis. xi. (1880), p. 182. 



t)ue ¥ ad. from Laveiitille, taken November 6, 11(03. 



