( 445 ) 



in tlie ferartle than in the male ; on npperside the first three spots often absent 

 or vestigial ; the spots larger in sonthern specimens than in most individuals 

 from the more northern districts of the range, the tail being somewhat reduced 

 in the former. Legs characteristic. Femora naked, rough with dispersed con- 

 spicnons grannies, mostly beariug a bristle or thin hair. The bristles of the 

 tibiae and tarsi also situated on grannies, which are smaller than on the femora. 

 Spur of foretibia proximally of middle. 



Genitalia : <S. (Jlasjier rounded at apex ; hari)e gradually tapering, ending in 

 a sharp point, almost reaching apical edge of clasper, the free apical half longi- 

 tudinally impressed. Penis-sheath essentially as in ayarxs, colinnhns, etc. Tentli 

 tergite about one-third longer than the lobes of the sternites, slender, pointed, 



basally snbcarinate above. ?. Behind the vaginal orifice a short, broad process 



about half as long again as it is l)road in middle, slightly sinuate at apex, convex 

 on proximal, concave on distal side ; a large lobe proximally of orifice, emarginate 

 in middle, rounded, finely hairy, its distal surface concave ; in non-virgin females 

 these organs concealed under a hardened coital substance. 



Early stages not known. 



Ilab. Mexico to Nicaragua. 



In the Tring Museum, lUU cJc?, 48 ? ?, from : Colima ; Guadalajara, October 

 (W. Schaus) ; Fatzcuaro ; fluernavaca, end of August, September (Dr. Gadow); 

 Gnerrero (0. T. Baron) ; S. Jose, Guatemala, Sejitember (A. Ilall) ; 8. Pedro Sula, 

 Honduras. 



II. Aeneas Group. 



Marginal spots of hindwiug white (in klwfcsi vestigial). Palpus black or red. 

 Tibiae of c? incrassate and hairy, or non-incrassate and spinose as in ? . Scent- 

 organ woolly, or the scales at least elongate, the wool being white, brown-black or 

 tawny. 



This is the largest gronp of Aristolochia-Swallowtails. Though some of the 

 species differ much from one another, the gronp does not appear to fall into sharply 

 defined divisions. We have not seen P. kahneli, but the figures published Liy 

 Standinger show it to be a near relative of P. triopas, which itself is very close to 

 chabrias. The great gap between kakiieli and aeneas is overbridged by a series of 

 more or less close allies : triopns, chabrias, quadratus, pizarro, coeUis, and 

 steiiibaclii. 



The species of this group are i)artly very difficult to distinguish, there being 

 often very little in the outward appearance by wliich one can differentiate thein. 

 However, if some attention is paid to the structure of the tibiae of the males, the 

 colour of the palpi of both sexes, the extent of red at the apex of the abdomen of 

 the females, and the shape of the apex of the cell of the hiudwing, the reader will 

 generally be able to identify the species and mate the sexes correctly. 



Key to tlie species : — 

 A. Palpus bia(;k (in drucei sometimes red). 



a. Hindwing with yellowish white area which occuiiies at 



least half the cell b. 



Hindwing witii yellowish white area which stands outside 

 the cell or occiijiies only the apex of tlie same; no 

 white patch on forewing . .... c. 



