(497 ) 



? . Papilio pisauihr Felder, Verh. Zool. But. Ges. Wien xiv. p. 295. n. 88 (I8G4) (iwm. nud. ; hab. ?) ; id., 

 Reise Novam, Lep. p. 31. n. 20. t. 8. fig. f (186,5) (hab. ?— Mus. Tring) ; Kirby, Git. Diiirn. Lep. 

 p. 529. n. 72 (1871) ; Miiscbl., Verh. Zuul. Bui. Ges. Wien xxxii. p. 304 (1883) (Surinam). 

 Papilio echelus var. a. P. erhioii, Kirby, Cat. Dium. Lep. p. 530, sub n. 75 (1871). 

 Papilio echelus var. b. P. polijphron, id.. I.e. 

 Pajiilio echelim var. e. P. echcphron, id., l.c 

 Papilio echelus var. f. ergeteles, id., I.e. 

 Papilio echelus, Moschler, l.c. xxxii. p. 304 (1883) (Surinam). 



(?. Baud of fore wing wider tbau in the preceding, nsnally extending to cell at 

 M-, its inner edge being elbowed at this vein, spot R' — M' mostl}' absent; white dots 

 absent from underside in most specimens, being occasionally present in specimens 



from the Amazons. Hindwing : red spots larger than in echemon, contiguous, 



tiie two middle ones touching cell or nearl}', sometimes all four reaching cell, the 

 latter bearing in one such individual (from Anteirim, north shore of Lower Amazon) 

 a red dot at apex. Some Amazonian specimens intermediate between the present 

 subspecies and the preceding one. 



? . Dichromatic, the white patches disappearing sometimes. 



a'. ?-f. ergeteles Gray, I.e.; Bates, l.c. Forewiag : a large white patch 



M^— M^, longer than broad, touching cell, preceded by a smaller patch R^ — W, 

 wliich is usually reduced to a streak or a shadowy spot standing before M', some- 

 times barely vestigial, a third white sjMt behind M-, narrowed behind, rarel}' 

 extended to M-, having usually the same shape as in Gray's figure 1 on PI. X* 



{spartacus, see above under subspec. echemon). This is the ordinary form of 



the female, commonly met with. 



b'. ? -f. pisander Feld., l.c. Forewing : white patches represented by a few 



white scales. There are two females of this form in coll. Felder, no locality 



being given ; we have not seen it in other collections. 



Hab. Lower and Middle Amazons, north shore; the Guianas. 



The type of echioii, a male without locality, takes a somewhat intermediate 

 position between typical echemon and typical ergeteles ; the baud of the forewing 

 is narrower than in the latter, the red spots of the hindwing, above, are rather 

 shorter, and tliere are vestiges of white spots on the underside of the forewing. 



In the Tring Museum 8 cjt?, 7 ¥ ¥, from : Camaria, British Gniana, January 

 l'Ji.)4 (R. Haensch) ; Cayenne ; Surinam ; Ouoribo, March 1893 (Ellacombe). 



42. Papilio neophilus Hiibn. (1837). 



Seba, Themur. iv. p. 38. t. 30. fig. 25. 26. (J (1864) (marginal spots descr. as being white !). 

 (J. Papilio Eques Trojanns aeiieas, Cramer (^no» Linne, 1758, err. det.), I'ap. Exot. iii. p. 155. 



t. 279. fig. A. B ((1780) (Surinam) ; Esper, Ausl. Schmelt. p. 40. n. 15. p. 60 (1788). 

 (J. Papilio Eques Trojanus acncides Esper,' ?.c. t. 15. fig. 3. ^ (1788) (ho« text, noii fig. 4). 

 S- Pa rides yargasus UiihneT, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 87. n. 909 (1818?) (partim). 

 ? . Priamides neophilus id., \Samml. Exot. Schmett., Zutruge p. 46. n. 499. fig. 997. 998 (1837) 



(Surinam). 

 Papilio aeneides, Gray, Cat. Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. i. Pa^y. p. 51. n. 247. t. 9. fig. 8. ? (1852) ; Guenee, 



Ami. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 307 (1867) ; Obertb., Et. d'Ent. iv. p. 94. n. 290 (1880) (Trinidad ; 



Guyane ; Pard) ; Stand., Exot. Tagf. p. 14 (1884) (Trinidad; Guiana : Amazons). 



The early authors considered the male of the present species and the male 

 of r. aeneas to be the sexes of one species. Esper is quite emphatic on this 

 pomt. Like Cramer, he describes thjs composite species as aeneas L. On the 



