( 538 ) 



which have the frons striped with yellow, a yellow stripe is situated on each side 

 along the eye, P. zagrcus and allies have a yellow line in the middle of the frons. 

 The obtnse apex of the forewiug and convex distal margin, the position of SC' of 

 the forcwing proximally of the upper angle of the cell, the great width of the cell 

 and the long slender antennae are further peculiarities which separate P. zagreus 

 and allies from the other American Papilios. The hard dentate costal edge of the 

 species of the second Subsection (apart from P. zagreus and allies) has doubtless 

 been evolved in connection with a strong flight. We find the same feature in a 

 group of Symphalidae, namely, the prionopterous genera Charaxes, Eulepis, and 

 allies, which are all strong fliers, and also in the males of some Pieridae. The 

 great robustness of the thorax (as compared with the size of the wings) observed 

 in those Nymphalids is again met with iu the Papilios with serrated costal edge 

 to the forewing. 



The following generic names have American species for name-types, nomina 

 nuda not being here mentioned : 



Euphoeades Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 83 (1818 ?) (typo : glauaix). 



IleracUdes id.. I.e. (type : crcsphontes). 



Calaides id.. I.e. p. 86 (1818 ?) (type : androgeus). 



Priamides id.. I.e. p. 87 (1818 ?) (type : tonjuatus). 



Pgrrhosticta Butler, Cist. Ent. i. p. 86 (1872) (type : eleotas). 



Troilides Kirby (ex Htibner, indescr.), in Allen's Nat. Lihr., Butt. ii. p. 283 

 (1896) (type : torquatus). 



Subsection U.* 



Palpus yellow at side. Frons yellow, or with black mesial stripe, rarely all 

 black. Abdomen at least with yellow dots at sides, usually with yellow stripe or 

 for the greater part yellow. Scaling at the costal edge of forewing very dense and 

 tough, difflcult to rub off, the edge non-dentate. 



We divide the American species into six groups : 



a. Hindwing on underside with a subbasal and a submedian 



band, which unite near anal angle, forming a large 



black V Glaucits Group. 



No such bands b. 



b. Pronotum and underside of thorax with red or orange 



dots; no metallic blue spots on underside of hindwing Aneldsiades Group. 

 No such spots ........ c. 



c. No metallic blue spots on underside of hindwing ; 



abdomen yellow beneath, with black line along 

 upper edges of sternites ; if this line absent, then 

 tail with yellow marginal spot at apex; or abdomen 

 black, with yellow line along lower edges of tergites, 

 hindwing without regular row of yellow submarginal 

 .spots ......... '/'onp/iif/i.-i (jroHj). 



With UR'tallic blue spots on hiiidwiDg .... d. 



d. Abdomen striped with black and yellow beneath, or 



black dotted with yellow, there being two rows of 

 yellow dots on each side of the tergites ; cross-veins 

 of forewing with yellow bar at least on underside . Maekaon Group. 



* For Subsection D see after .Species No. 101. 



