( 556 ) 



The varioas subspecies vary so much inter se, and each is again individnally so 

 variable, that there is no single character in the pattern found in all forms by which 

 to distiugiiish the entire species J', tlioas from its near relative P. cresphontes. The 

 genitalia are more uniformly developed in all subspecies of P. thoas. The tenth 

 tergite of the 3 is always long, spatnlate ; the tenth sternite has on each side a 

 long, pointed, thornlike process, which bears prosimally at the base a ridge or 

 broad tooth ; the clasjier is sliglitly acuminate, being much less rounded than in 

 P. cresphontes and dorsally less emarginate ; the harpe, with the exception of the 

 Jamaica form, gradually narrows into a long point, being subtruncate and denticulate 

 in the Jamaican subspecies. The vaginal armature of the female is geogra{)hically 

 somewhat variable like the genitalia of the male ; the organs are similar to those 

 of P. cresp/io/ztes, but there is proximally of the vaginal orifice on each side a 

 broad and rather strongly chitinised depression, the edge of which projects as an 

 irregular ridge. 



Early stages essentially as in P. cresphontes, the tubercles of the head and 

 thorax of the chrysalis shorter. 



Ilab. Texas to Buenos Aires ; Cuba; Jamaica; not yet known from Haiti and 

 Porto llico, where the species may be expected to occur. 



a. P. thoas melonius subsp. nov. (PI. VIII. fig. 59). 



Papilio Eqiies Acliirns crexphonlfs Cramer, Pap. E,rnt. ii. p. lOG (1777) (partim ; Jamaica). 

 Papilio cresphniilen, Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Dinni. L'p. i. p. 17. n. 16'J (1846) (purliin ; 



Jamaica) ; Gray, Lkl Lep. Lis. Brit. Mus. i. Pap. p. 53. n. 2114 (1856) (partim) ; Felder, Verh. 



Zonl. Dot. Ges. Wicn xiv. p. 310. n. 294 (1864) (partim ; Jamaica) ; Bull., Proc. Zool. Snc. 



Lo7ul p. 481. n. 37 (1878) (Jamaica). 



c? ? . A remarkably distinct form, usually of small size, resembling small 



specimens of P. cresphontes. Yellow markings of iippersicle pale ; forewing : 



discal patch R- — R^ as in P. cresphontes much longer than the following patch ; 

 patch M' — M- acnmiuate distally ; no spot in cell ; three snbmarginal spots, 

 occasionally preceded by one or two small dots ; i)atch SC — R' entire or nearly, but 



sometimes deeply sinuate. Hindwiug : yellow marginal abdominal spot large, 



continuous with the orange-red halfmoon, at the proximal side of which there is a 

 blue crescent; spot on tail small in male. 



Underside, forewing : snbmarginal spots R^ — M- much larger than the others, 

 spot M^ — M^ being the largest, spot R- — R' about the same size as spot M*- — SM- 



or smaller. Hindwing : three large orange patches R^ — M', sharply defined, the 



third being the longest, being more than half the length of the pale yellow sub- 

 marginal patch R^ — M' ; a comj)lete series of j)ale blue sjiots, all the same pure 

 colour ; occasionally some orange scaling in apex of cell and behind SC- ; orange 

 anal halfring larger than in the other forms of P. thoas. 



Genitalia : c?. Tenth tergite long, much slenderer than in the other subspecies, 

 strongly spatnlate, longitudinally grooved beneath, not carinate ; long pointed 

 process of sternite straight, the hairy tooth at base of this process small ; harpe 

 quite difl'ereut from that of all other subs])ecies, being short, subtruncate, with the 



apex denticulate. ?. Anterior edge of vaginal orifice not tubercnliform, on each 



side of the orifice a ridge, and behind the orifice two donble ridges. 



Uah. Jamaica. 



In the Tring Museum G <?<?, 3 ? ?. 



Also in coll. Grose-Smith and coll. Adams. 



