( 564) 



asb) ; Britton, ihitl. p. 173 (1898) (Newhaven, Conn., June ly) ; Ashm. & Schwarz, Proc. Eiit. 

 Soc. U'ashiiKjI. iv. p. 50 (18;W) (change of food) ; Beutenm., Bull. Amer. Mux. N. If. s. p. 310 

 (1898) (Highland Falls, X.Y.) ; HoUand, llntl. Boo/.- p. 311. n. 8. t. 2. fig. Kl, t. 4. Eg. 8—10, 

 t. 42. fig. 3 (IS'.l'.i) ; Beutenm., Butt. X. Ynrk City p. (1. n. 4. fig. J (1902) ; Moffat, Reid. Knt. 

 Sor. Oiitari., xx.\iii. p. 51 (1902) (Trenton, Aug. ; London, Ont.) ; Evans, Ibid. p. 82 (1902) 

 (Trenton); Walk., ibid. p. 85 (1902) (Point Pelee, Leamington; Walpole I.); Clark, Enl. 

 Xeu-s xiii. p. 27 (1902) (Xewtonville, Mass., Sept. 13) ; Field, ibid. xiii. p. 331 (1902) (East 

 Alstead, N.H., June 12); Hoag, ibid. .\iv. p. .320, 321 (1903) (Altamira & S.Louis Potosi, 

 Mex.) ; Mofltat, Rej}t. Eiit. Soc. Ontario xxxiii. p. 58. fig. BH (1903) (London, Ont.). 



Ilcradides nxihis Hiibner, Verz. hek. Schmett. p. 83. n. 850 (1818 ?) (nom. nov. loco cresplionte-i). 



rupilin tlioas var., Godart, &ic. .Vetli. ix. p. G2. n. 103 (1819) (2iariim) ; Boisd., Spec. Oeii. Lip. i. 

 p. 355. n. 197 (183C) {jMrlim) ; Doubl., List Lep. Im. Brit. ilus. i. p. 17 (1845) (jmrtim). 



Papilio tlioo.t, Boisduval & Leconte, /7/.s(. Gcii. Lip. Amn: Sijit. p. 32. t. 12. fig. 1. ? , t. 13. fig. 1. (J, 

 2. larva, 3. pupa (1833) (Georgia ; Florida) ; Lucas, in Gui'r., Diet. Pitt. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 50 

 (1838) (partim) ; Doubl., in Westw., Arcana Eiit. i. p. 144 (1845) (habits) ; Poey, Mem. R. 

 Soc. Econ. Uabana p. 234 (1846) ; Lucas, in Sagra, llixt. Cuba vii. p. 206 (1857) (partim) ; 

 Gosse, Letters from Alabama p. 170 (1859) ; Morris, Sijn. Lep. N. Am. p. 7. n. 10 (1802) ; 

 Weidem., Prrjc. Ent. Soc. Philad. ii. p. 148 (1863) (partim) ; Reed, Canml. Ent. i. p. 19 (1868) 

 (London, Ont.) ; Butler, Cat. Diuru. Lep. descr. Fabric, p. 24G. n 44 (1869) (partim) ; Parker, 

 Amer. Entom. ii. p. 175 (1870) (Iowa) ; Bean, Ent. Mo. Mag. x. p. 248 (1874) (Galena, 111. ; 

 quite uncommon, Aug. Sept.) ; Carey, Rept. Ent. Sor. Ontario p. 5 (1875) (Amherstburg) ; 

 Saund., ihid. p. 15 (1876) (Northbridge, Out.); Cook, iliid. (1876) (Lansing); Dent., Caiiad. Ent. 

 ix. p. 160 (1877) (Ontario) ; Murray, ibid. x. p. 120 (1878) (Hamilton, Ont.) ; Godm. & Salv., 

 Biol. Ceiitr. Amer., Lep. Rliop. ii. p. 223. D. 53 (1890) (partim) ; Christ, Mill. Scbwei:. Eiit. Ges. 

 ix. p. 273 (1897) (= cresplumtex) ; Dyar, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mux. lii. p. 3. n. 14 (1902) (Atl. 

 States; Arizona; Mexico; partim 'i); Laur., Ent. Neici xiv. p. 296 (1903) (Miami, Fla., 

 common) ; Sherm., Rept. Ent. Soc. Ontario xxxvi. p. 26. fig. 11 (1905) (N. Carolina). 



Papilio Ihoas var. b. P. crcsphontes, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 541. sub n. 155 (1871) (Univ. Amer.). 



Papilio Ihoas var. cre.y.Iiontes, Gundlach, Papilio i. p. 113 (1881) (Cuba) ; Aaron, Papilio iv. p. 172 

 (1884) (S. Texas, common). 



Papiliii thoas (crexphontes), Dwight, Psyche, iii. p. 327 (1882) (Dutchess Co., N.Y.) ; Bunker, Canad. 

 Ent. XV. p. 100 (1883) (N. York, two broods) ; Perrin, Rejit. Enl. Soc. Ontario xxxiv. p. 90 

 (1904) (15 miles from Halifax, Aug. 1901). 



neraclichs crexphnntes, Scudder, Belt. East. U.S.A. ii. p. 1.334. t. 14. fig. 12, t. 27. fig. 2, t. .35. fig. 

 21-3, t. 41, fig. 4, t. 57. fig. 3, t. 66. fig. 3, t. G8. fig. 19, t. 73. fig. 1, t. 76. fig. 16, t. 79. fig. 02-6, 

 t. 85. fig. 8, 9, 10 (1889) (morphol., metara., etc. \—\\\.eT. partim ad aliam spec, ref.) ; Kirby, in 

 Allen's iYo<. Libr., Lep. Bnlt. ii. p. 282 (1896) ; Scudder, Psyche viii. p. 210. t, 5. f. 5, I. juv. 

 (1898); Mayer, ;6»/. p. 299 (1898) (Dry Tortuga) ; Kirby, in Buhn., Samml. E.eol. Schmett. 

 ed. ii. p. 96. t. 314. fig. 3, 4 (190—?). 



Papilio chresphontes ('.), Dury, Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hi.it. i. p. 12 (1878) (Cine, not common) ; 

 Bubua, Enl. News viii. p. 98 (1897) (Cleveland, Ohio ; rare). 



Specifically distinct from P. tlioas, with which it occnrs together in Central 

 America, Texas, and Cuba. Dr. Holland separated it correctly from P. thoas, but 

 unfortunately figured as thoas not the nortberu form of that species, but a South 

 American specimen (doubtless from the Amazons). The difference in pattern 

 between P. thoas and cresphontes being but slight, many authors have considered 

 the two insects to be one species. However, that opinion is erroneous. The true 

 distinction between the two insects is not on the surface. The sexual organs, as 

 sjiecified below, exhibit a divergency which is quite astonishing, and it is no less 

 surprising that this difference has never been noticed, although one of the most 

 peculiar features of the organs is visible without dissection. 



The only constant difference in ])attern between P. cre.iphontes and the northern 

 forms of P. thoas is the larger size of the spot R-— R' (the fifth) of the discal 

 row of the forewing. This spot is larger in crcsphoiit.es than the nest sj)ot, the 

 snbmarginal spot W — M' being consequently more proximal above and below than 

 the snbmarginal spot R- — R'. 



