( 5'J3 ) 



over with black ; third black band extending beyond M- ; yellow apical cell-band 

 narrower than the black band standing at its distal side ; black distal border wider 

 thronghout than the yellow discal band ; submarginal spots thin, posterior ones 



absent or vestigial. Hindwing: anal marginal spot small, slightly orange; black 



distal border sometimes almost tonching cell. 



Underside : yellow submarginal line of forewing broad, continuous, only the 

 last one or two spots standing separate. Hindwing : orange discal spots small. 



Ilab. Vera Cruz : Cnesta de Misantla. 



In the Tring Museum 2 c?c?, 2 ? ? . 



84. Papilio pilumnus Boisd. (1830). 



J'ajiHiii pihiiiiniis Boisduval, Spei-. Gen. Lep. i. p. 340. n. 181 (1836) (Mexico) ; Doubl., List Lfji. 

 Ins. Brit. Mils. i. p. 1(5 (1845) (Mexico) ; id., Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diiirn. Lep. i. p. 13. n. 89 

 (1846) ; Gray, Cat. Lep. L,^. Brit. .1/»s. i. Fuji. p. 24. n. IIU (1802) ; id., List Lep. Inn. Brit. 

 Mus. i. Pap. p. .^2. n. 117 (1850) ; Mc'nt'tr., Enurn. Corp. Anini. Miis. Pelmp.^ Lep. i. Supjil. 

 p. 68. n. 1116. t. 7. fig. 2. ? (1857) (Mexico) ; id., I.e. ii. p. 110. n. 1116 (1863) ; Vollenh., 

 Tijdsclir. Ent. iii. p. 85. n. 130 (1860) (Mexico) ; Weidem., Pror. Enl. Soc. Pliihid. ii. p. 149 



(1863) (" probably ? of P. danmi.H") ; Felder, Ver/i. ZooL Bot. Gci. Wien xiv. p. 313. n. 345 



(1864) (■' uot ? of ihimni.^ ") ; Realc, Proc. Enl. Soc. Philad. vi. p. 127 (1867) (New Mexico ; 

 ?also Texas and Mexico); Kiiby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 564. n. 311 (1871) ; Stvecker, Lep. Rhnp. 

 Hel. p. 13. t. 2. fig. 3 (1873) (New Mexico ; Vera Cruz) ; Mead, in Wheeler, Rept. E.rpl. Surv. 

 Y. Zool. 8. p. 741 (1875) (New Mexico) ; Edw., Trans. Amer. Ent. Snr. vi. p. 11. n. 19 (1877) 

 (Arizona ; New Mexico) ; Gerb., Macrn-Lep. N. Amer. p. 25. n. 450 (1878) (New Mexico) ; 

 Strecker, Biilt. Maths N. Amer. p. 08. n. 8 (1878) (New Mexico ; Mexico ; Central America) ; 

 Oberth., El. d'Enl. iv. p. 68. n. 190 (1880) (Mexico ; 2 (J (J, typ. specim.) ; Schau?, Papilio 

 iv. p. 100 (1884) (descr. of larva & pupa) ; Edw., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxxv. p. 12 (1889) 

 (liteiat relat. to metamorpb.) ; id., Bntt. N. Amer. iii. Pap. t. 2. J. $ (1889) ; Mayn,, Man. 

 N. Amer. Butt. p. 14. n. 19. fig. 9. c (1891) (Arizona ; Mexico) ; Haase, Dntersuch. Mimicry i. 

 p. 90 (1893) ; Godm. & Salv., Biol. Cenlr. Amer., Lep. Rhap. ii. p. 241. n. 79. t. 72. fig. 10. 

 genit. (1893) (New Mexico ; Mexico ; Guatemula ; open grassy plains ; " Colorado " errore V) ; 

 Eimer, Arlh. Verwandtsrh. Sclimelt. ii. p. 84. t. 5. fig. 3 (1895) (Mexico) ; Christ, Miltli. ScJiweiz. 

 Ent. Ges. ix. p. 278 (1897) (southern form of dtinnns'>) ; Edw., Bull. N. Anter. iii. Suppl. p. 8 

 (1897); Holland, Bull. Book p. 310. t. 38. fig. 3. J (1899) (Mexico ; occasionally in Arizona); 

 Denton, Moths Bull. U.S.A. ii. p. 339 (1898—1900) ; Dyar, Bidl. U.S. Nat. Mus. Iii. p. 2. n. 7 

 (1902) (Texas ; Arizona ; Mexico). 



In pattern a primitive form, being of all species the nearest approach to the 

 ancestral form from which the groups of tlioas, hjcophron, glaucus and troilus 

 originated. It agrees in pattern best with the Glaucus Group of species, but dilfers 

 in having in the hindwing the nearly symmetrical cell of P. lycopkron. The tibiae 

 and tarsi are as pale as in P. (/was, but less green. The two sharply defined orange 

 spots M' — SM- on the iipj/cr.-</i/e oi ihn hindwing and the broad black antemedian 

 band of the underside centred with drab are the most characteristic features iu the 

 pattern of P. pilumnus. These orange spots are sometimes preceded by two more 

 spots, which are of the same colour, but not sharply defined. The discal portion of 

 the apical cell-band of the forewing is rather variable, being usually continuous, 

 while in a few specimens the last veiu-spot is separated from the band, being minute 

 or vestigial. The yellow or yellowish line distally of the yellow tripartite band on 

 the upperside of the forewing is sometimes absent, while it is rather broad in other 

 specimens, especially in Guatemalan individuals. 



Genitalia: <?. Tenth tergite long, feebly spatulate ; sternite on each side with 

 an obliquely transverse double ridge, both low, but rather sharply cariuiform ; harpe 

 broad, produced at apex into a sharp tooth, ventral edge nearly straight, the short. 



