( 621 ) 



Irh iii. p. 283 (1890) (Pebas) ; Haase, Unlfi-swh. MimJcry i. p. 97 (1893) ; Michael, Iris vii. 



p. 213 (1894) (Sao Paulo de OUveiifa). 

 J . Papllio lorquntus var. a. P. patron, Kirby, I.e. (Upper Amazons). 

 ?. Papilio torquatus V3.T. flavida Oberthiir, El. d'Eiit. iv. p. U5. n. 252 (1880) (Teffie). 

 cj ?. Papilio patros, Godman & Salv., Biol. Centr. Amer., Lep. Rhop. ii. p. 228. sub n. 59 (1890) 



(Upper Amazons). 

 $ . Papilio toi-quatus var.Jlara, Haase, Untersuch. iliinicry i. p. 98 (1893) (laps. cal. ; "Para" false). 

 J . Papilio torquatus Tar. caudius, id.. I.e. (Para). 

 ? . Papilin torquatus yht. patros, id., I.e. 



There is iu the Tring- Museum from the old collection of Leiinep a male which 

 agrees with Cramer's figure, and is probably the type specimen. This figure has 

 several characteristic features which are also found iu that specimen. The band 

 of the forewing is rather uarrower than usually in the present subspecies, the spots 

 at the upper angle of the cell are small ; the submarginal spots of the hindwing, on 

 npperside, are comparatively large, and the apex of the cell is more extended black 

 on underside than is usually the case. 



Since Bates's classical paper in 18(51 the specimens from the Guianas and the 

 Lower Amazons have generally been regarded as different from the individuals 

 found on the Upper Amazons. The material examined by us does not bear out 

 this opinion. However, we find that in the males from Bolivia and Peru there are 

 usually only five red discal spots on the underside of the hindwing, while there 

 are mostly six in the specimens from the Amazons and Guiana. Having 

 unfortunately only one female from the former districts, we do not know whetlier 

 its peculiarities are merely individual or geographical. 



(S. The spots at the upper angle of cell of forewing are mostly larger than in 

 the other subspecies ; streak SG^^l' shorter than the next, both being broad; the 

 band broader than in F. t. leptalea and orchamus, varying from being half as 



wide again to twice the width of the black distal border. Submarginal spots 



of hindwing usually much shaded with black, 



Submarginal spots of forewing below generally thin. 



? . Tail slender, pointed, rarely somewhat spatulate. There are five principal 

 forms ; the markings of the hindwing individually variable in number and size. 



a'. ?-f. theras nov. Forewing with cell-spot, which does not reach 



across cell ; one or more white patches on disc, usually only patch R^ — M' well 

 developed. Surinam, Upper Amazons. 



b'. 2 -f. caudius Hiibn. ,/,<■. — —Forewing without cell-spot; one to three patches 

 on disc, spot M' — M- being usually the best developed, often alone present, sometimes 

 no other patches than M' — SM^. The Guianas ; Lower and Upper Amazons. 



c'. ?-f. patros Gray, I.e. No white patch on forewing; patches of hindwing 



red. Ujjper Amazons ; Cayenne (coll. Oberthiir). 



d'. ? -i.Jlatida Oberth. ; patros var. h Gray, I.e. ; Jlava, Haase, I.e. Forewing 



without white spots ; patches of hindwing creamy. — —Upper Amazons : Ega. 



e. ?-f. cleolas nov. Foi owing without white spots, but with a kind of 



submarginal buffish band on underside, consisting of short double streaks R' — R' 

 and a row of small spots R^ — SM-. Bolivia (Mus. Tring). 



IJiib. Orinoco ; Patao, Gairia ; the Guianas ; Amazons ; Eastern slopes of 

 Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. 



In the Tring Museum 34 cJc?, 13 ¥ ?,from: Patao, Gniria, August 1891 ; 

 La Vuelta, Caura R., May 1903 (Klages) ; Surinam ; Teffe, January 190.5 (Mathan) ; 

 Obidos (Mathan) ; .Tuhuty, April 190o (Mathau) ; Itaituba ; Liuitos ; R. Cachyueo, 



