( 699 ) 



The transparent spaces of the underside of the forewing are practically devoid 

 of scales ; tlie white scales of the posterior area are entire. The scales of the 

 liiiidwiug are dentate, except at the abdominal margin and between the subbasal 

 and median bands. 



Markings very characteristic. Second band of forewing reaching hinder margin 

 beyond middle, discocellnlar band continued to M' or hinder angle, as explained 

 above. Abdominal edge of hiudwiug black ; subbasal band heavy, continued to 

 anal spot ; median band complete or posteriorly vestigial on upper-side, bordering 

 cell, on underside the band bordered with black proximally down to anal spots, 

 its distal black border either being restricted to the costal region, or being thinner 

 than the proximal border, at least from SG- to 11'^ 



Neuration : lower angle of cell of forewing obtuse ; cell of hiudwing broad, 

 widest at origin of nervule SO" ; D' and D" variable, sometimes nearly the same in 

 length, sometimes D' almost twice the length of D- ; D^ always very short ; D' about 

 half or two-thirds the length of \f' ; praecostal spur elbowed, not evenly curved. 



Scent-organ : fold small ; scent-scales nearly as in P. agcsilaus. 



Genitalia : c?. Tenth tergite trilobate as in P. agesilaus ; harpe strongly 

 elevate where the dorso-ventral ridge meets the ventral edge, apical lobe broadly 



rounded, short. ? . A small, feebly chitinised tubercule at the jiroximal side of 



the vaginal orifice ; behind the orifice, laterally on each side, a deep large groove, 

 the walls of which are rather strongly chitinised ; anal segment with numerous very 

 short spines. 



Early stages not known. 



Hab. Central America : Mexico to Honduras ; Nicaragua (according to 

 M6ndtrids). 



Butler and Druce record it from Costa Rica. The record is certainly erroneous. 

 This specimen is in the Godman collection. It agrees with P. epidaus epidam, which 

 would hardly be the case if the specimen came from Costa Rica. The record from 

 Nicaragua, though requiring confirmation, may be correct, since Nicaragua belongs 

 to the northern faunistic district of Central America. 



Three subspecies. 



a. P. epidaus epidaus Donbl. (1846). 



Papilio epidaus Doubleday, in Doubl., Westw. & Hew., I.e. p. 15. n. 138. t. 3. fig. 1 (1840) (Mexico ; 

 Honduras) ; id., List Lep. Lis. Brit. Mus. i. A]>p. p. 2 (1848) (Honduras; Yucatan); Gray, 

 Cat. Lrp. Lis. Brit. Mus. i. p. 34. n. 161 (1852) (Honduras ; Yucatan, ace. to Becker); id., List 

 Lcp. Ills. Brit. Mus. i. p. 4li. n. 169 (185G) (Nicaragua : Honduras ; — ? Becker coll.) ; Mene'tr., 

 Eniim. Cmp. Auim. Mus. Petrop., Lip. i p. 3. n. 50 (1857) (Nicaragua); Reak., Proc. Ent. Soc. 

 P/iilud. ii. p. 135. n. 2 (1803) (Honduras ; good description) ; Weidem., ibid. p. 147 (1863) 

 (Mexico ; Central America) ; Felder, Vcrli. Zool. But. Ges. Wicit xiv. p. 302. ii. 196 (1864) 

 (Mexico ; Honduras) ; Boisd., C'niis. Lip. Guatem. p. 6. (1870) (Mexico ; Honduras ; Nicaragua; 

 — " Colombia," error) ; Kirby, Cat. Ditirn. Lrp. p. 557. n. ilii (1871) (Amer. centr.) ; Butl. & 

 Druce, Pi'oc. Zuul. Soc. Land. p. 305. n. 370 (1874) (" Costa Rica," errore) ; Oberth., Et. d'Ent. 

 iv. p. 65. n. 177 (18S0) (Mexico) ; Eimer, Arth. Verwamltsch. Schiii. p. 51. 111. t. 1. fig. 7 (1889) 

 (Central Amer.) ; Godra. & Salv., Biul. Ceutr. Amer., Rhnp. p. 221. n. 51. t. 68. fig. 5. genit. 

 (1890) (Mexico : Vera Cruz, Yucatan ; Brit. Honduras ; Guatemala ; Honduras ; Nicaragua. — 

 "Costa Kica " error loci; "San Bias'' alia subsp.) ; Eimer, Orthogen. p. 47. 109. 311. 

 397 (1897). 



6 ? . Upperside : second black baud of forewing half the width or less of the 

 interspace between it and third band ; filtli band not joining the marginal band 



behind, stopping short at M" or at least not reaching this vein. Median band of 



45 



