(713 ) 



PaplUo Eques prolesUaus, Lange, in Linne, Sysl. Nat. p. 41)3. n. 29 (1760) (parlim). 



Pa/iilio (Achiriis) prolesilaiis, Miiller, Xaliirs. v. 1. p. 577. n. 39 (1774) ("N. Am." error). 



Pupilio Eques Achhma proteHileiis (!), Meuscbsn, in Gronov., Zouplvjl., Index (1781). 



Papilio protesilaus Godart, Enc. J/clIi. ix. p. 50. n. 73 (181'J) (parti m) ; Lucas, i^^j. Exot. p. 41 

 (1835) ( jxiiiim ; Brazil ; iiecfi;/.); BoisJ., Spec. Gen. Lep. i. p. '262. n. 85 (1830) (French Guiana ; 

 Brazil) ; Lucas, in Gucr., Diet. Pitt. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 4G (1838) {pai-tim) ; Duncan, in Jard., 

 Nat. Libr. xx.xvi. p. 104. t. 4. fi;^. 2 (1843) (partim) ; Doubl, List Lep. Ins. Brit. Mils. i. p. 9 

 (1845) (Brazil ; Brit. Guiana) ; id., Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. i. p. 15. n. 137 (1846) 

 (syn. jiartim ; Honduras ; Guiana ; Brazil) ; Erichs,, in Schomb., F. F. Brit. Guiana p. 593 

 (1848) ; Gray, Cat. Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. i. Pap. p. 33. n. 160 (1852) {partim) ; Burm., Ahh. 

 Naturf. Ges. Halle p. G3 (1854) (Meriau'.s plate 43) ; Gray, List Lep. Lis. Brit. Miis. i. Pap. 

 p. 45. n. 168 (1856) (Brazil ; R. Demerara) ; Bates, Trans. Ent. Soe. Limd. (2). v. p. 348 (1861) 

 (partim) ; id., Juurn. Ent. i. p. 229. n. 33 (1862) (partim) ; Weidem., Proc. Ent. Soc. Pliilad. 

 ii. p. 148 (1863) (partim) ; Bates, Pror. Zoul. Sac. Land. p. 241. n. 2 (1863) ; Felder, Verli. 

 Zool. Bot. Ges. Wieu xiv. p. 301. n. 178 (1864) ; Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 555. n. 248 (1871) 

 (partim) ; id., /.■". p. 811. n. 248 (1877) ; Burm., Descr. Rep. Argent, v. Lep., Atlas p. 3. n. 1 

 (1879) (mixture of many .species) ; HopfF., Slett. Ent. Zeit. xl. p. 52. n. 18 (1879) (Surinam, 

 Brazil, Peru) ; Auriv., A'. Sv. Vet. Akad. IlamH. xix. 5. p. 29. n. 28 (1882) (recensio critica ; 

 cit. " Herbst t. 43" et "Lucas t. 21 " exceptae) ; Eimer, Artb. Verwandtsch. Sc/im. p. 50. 103. 

 108. 1. 1. fig. 5. 6 (1889) ( partim) ; Haase, Untersiicli. Mimicry i. p. 82 (1893) ; Eimer, Orthogen. 

 p. 33. 44. 47. 48. 217. 397 (1897) (partim). 



Protcsilaus leiliis Swainson, Zool. lUiistr. ii. t. 93 (18 52) (nom. nov. loco " protesilai"). 



Cosmodfsmus protesilaus, Kirby, in Allen, Nat. Libr., Lep. i. p. 273 (1896). 



Iphiclides protcsilaus, id.. I.e. t. 68. fig. 2 (1896) 



Uuder the uame of protesilau-'t Liune described a mixture of severtal bauded 

 species of Papiliouids and N\-mphalids. As the wings are said in his diagnosis 

 to be white, we restrict the name to a black-banded wliite Pajiilio, as has been 

 done by every author since Linne's time. However, which of the various si)ecies 

 of the present group the white Papilio of Linn6 was, nobody can possibly tell 

 with certainty from the description given by Linne and the figures quoted by him. 

 In Clerck's figure the hindwing is obviously too obtusely dentate. There is a 

 specimen (without abdomen) in the collection of the Linnean Society of London 

 which agrees fairly well with Clerck's figure.* Aubenton's figure, which is very 

 good for that time, represents doubtless the most common one of the different 

 white species, to which insect we apply the name protesilaus. As Linnd's 

 Neotropical Lepidoptera were i)ractically all from Surinam, we treat also in this 

 case the Surinam form as nomenclatorially typical. 



S 9 . Submarginal interspaces of hindvviug white, rarely slightly washed with 

 yellow ; dentition of hindwing stronger than in P. glaucolaus. The first and 

 second band of the forewiug on the whole shorter and narrower than in P. molops. 

 Frons often all black or slightly whitish at sides. 



Scent-organ : wool long and dense, consisting of long and thin hairs which 

 are widest iu centre, being much thinner than in P. telesilaus. 



Genitalia different in the various subspecies ; dorso-apical ridge of harpe 

 . slightly or strongly dilated, always strongly dentate, in the South American 

 forms widened to a large triangular tooth (Fig. 3 ; p. 708) ; the ridge strongly 

 deflexed, lying almost flat upon the main body of the harpe. 



Early stages not known. The larva figured by Slerian, I.e., is not that of 

 this sjiecies, but of a Heliconiiis. It is much to be desired that the early stages 

 of this and the allied species be carefully observed. 



Hah. Mexico to Paraguay and Kio Grande do Snl. 



♦ See p. 4i:i. 



