WHITE-SPORHI) A(iARICS. 



Figure 115 is from plants (No. 3910, C. U. herbarium) collected 

 in the woods at Blowing Rock, during Septemhur, i89<;. Just before 

 the exposure was made to get the photograph several of the plants 

 were wounded with a pin to cause the drops of milk to exude, as is 

 well shown in the illustration. 



The dark color of the lamell;e in A. (Dfrugis is due to the number 

 of brown cystidia or set^F, in the hymenium, which project above the 

 surface of the gills, and they are especially abundant on the edge of 

 the gills. These seta^ are long fusoid, 80-120 x 10-12 //. The vari- 

 ations in the color of the gills, in some plants the gills being much 

 darker than in others, is due to the variations either in the number 

 of these set:r or to the variation in their color. Where the cvstidia 

 are fewer in number or are lighter in color the lamella- are lighter 

 colored. Typical forms of Lactariiis volcnius have similar setx', but 

 they are very pale in color and not so abundant over the surface of 

 the gills, in the darker forms of L. vo/i'iiiiis the set:t are more abun- 

 dant and darker in color approaching those found in A. rorrugis. 

 These facts supported by the variation in the color of the pileus in 

 the two species 

 and the \-aria- 

 tions in the ru- 

 gosities of the 

 pileus seem to 

 indicate that 

 the two species 

 are very closely 

 related. 



Lactarius lig= 

 n y 1 u s F r . — 

 This is known 

 as the sooty 

 lactarius and 

 occurs in woods 

 along with the 

 smoky lactari- 

 us. It is dis- 

 tinguished from 

 the latter b y 

 the dark brown 

 color of the pi- 

 leus and by the presence usually of rugose wrinkles over the center 

 of the cap. In size it agrees with the smoky lactarius. 



Fir.i'RK 116. — I-actarius lignyotus. Cap and stem sooty, cap wrinkled, 

 gills white, then tingecl with ochre (natural size, sonietimes larger). 

 Copyright i()00. 



