120 



STUDIES OF AMERICAN FUNGI. 



Thf pileus is convex, depressed in the center, and the margin 

 strongly incurved when young, the abundant hairs on the margin 

 forming an apparent veil at this time which covers up the gills. The 

 upper surface of the pileus is smooth, or sometimes more or less cov- 

 ered with a tomentum similar to that on the margin. The color is 

 an admixture of ochraceous and pink hues, sometimes with concen- 

 tric zones of darker shades. The gills are crowded, narrow, whitish, 

 with a tinge of yellowish flesh color. The stem is cylindrical, even, 

 hollow, whitish. 



The milk is white, unchangeable, acrid to the taste. Figure 1 18, 

 left hand plants is from plants (No. 3911, C. U. herbarium) collected 

 in the Blue Ridge Mountains, N. C, in September, 1899, and the 

 right hand plant (No. 2960, C. U. herbarium) collected at Ithaca, N.Y. 



Figure i 19.— Lactarius piperatus. Entirely white, milk very peppery (natural 

 size, often larger). Copyright 1900. 



Lactarius piperatus (Scop.) Fr.— This species is very hot and pep- 

 pery to the taste, is of medium size, entirely white, depressed at the 

 center, or funnel-shaped, with a short stem, and very narrow and 

 crowded gills, and abundant white milk. The plants are 3-7 cm. 

 high, the cap 8-12 cm. broad, and the stem 1-2 cm. in thickness. 

 It grows in woods on the ground and is quite common, sometimes 

 very common in late summer and autumn. 



The pileus is fleshy, thick, firm, convex, umbilicate, and then 

 depressed in the center, becoming finally more or less funnel-shaped 

 by the elevation of the margin. It is white, smooth when young, in 

 age sometimes becoming sordid and somewhat roughened. ^ The'gills 



