256 



STUDIES OF AMERICAN FUNGI. 



are rounded off without reaching the stem (Fig. 216). In all cases 

 when the lamella? reach the stem and are only attached by the 

 upper angle they are said to be adncxed. This term is often used in 

 combination with others, as simiate-Jdncxcd (Fig. 221, small figure), 

 or ascending adnexcd i¥\g. 221, larger plant). Sometimes the lamelte 

 are adnate, adnexed, etc., and have a slight decurrent process or 

 tooth as in Mycena galericulata (Fig. 218). In many plants the gills 



FiGrRE2i9. Figure 220. Figure 221. 



Figure 219. — Tiicholoma, gills sinuate, stipe solid. 

 Figure 220. — Paneeolus papilionaceus, gills adnate. ' 

 Figure 221. — Left-hand small plant, Hygiophorus, gills sinuate, adnexed. Right- 

 hand plant Panaeolus retirugis, gills ascending adnexed ; veil appendiculate. 



separate very readily from the stem when the plants are handled. 

 Sometimes merely the expansion of the pileus tears them away, so 

 that it is necessary to use great caution, and often to examine plants 

 in different stages of development to determine the real condition of 

 the lamellce. 



In certain genera the gills have special characteristics which may 

 be noted here. Usually the edge of the lamelte is acute or sharp 

 like the blade of a knife, but in Canlliarellus and Trogiathe edges are 

 very blunt or obtuse, hi extreme forms the lamelte are reduced to 



