122 AGARICACE/E Togaria 



truly distinct from the fleshy stem, except in 564, although in the 

 majority of cases it is nearly so. Pileus fleshy. Stem central, 

 fleshy, annulate. Gills adnato-decurrent, adnate, adnexed, or rounded- 

 free. Spores ferruginous. (Fig. 31.) 



All the species grow on the ground. 



Togaria agrees in nearly all points of structure and habit with 

 Lepiota, Annularia and Psalliota. 



In 564 the gills are normally rounded-free, and in several other 

 species the gills are frequently adnexed. In Lepiota one species — 

 47 — has adnate gills and several others have approximate gills ; in 

 Psalliota several species have approximate gills. Species 557 — 566 



a. Eudermince. Spores ferruginous. 557 — 564 



b. Phceotce. Spores fuscous-ferruginous. 565, 566 



a. Eudermince. 



557. T. aurea W. G. Sm., Agaricus auretis Mattusch. (from its golden 



colour ; aurum, gold) a b c. 



P. convex, velvety, squamulose ; marg. partially appendiculate 



with V. St. solid, striate and scurfy below A. A. superior, 



large. G. adnato-decurrent to adnexo-free, ochreous then 



sienna. Flesh whitish-sulphur above, golden-sienna below. 



Subcaespitose. Plantations, cedar; rare. Aug .-Nov. 10 x n| X if in. 

 Var. Va/iliiW. G. Sm. {Agaricus Vahlii Schum.). P. even, smooth. Var. 

 iierefordensis W. G. Sm. {Agaricus aureus Mattusch. var. herefordensis 

 Renny.) St. granulate, tuberculate. 



558. T. eaperata W. G. Sm., Agaricus caper atus Pers. (from the 



wrinkled pileus ; capero, to wrinkle) a b c. 



P. convex, white-floccose on a deep yellow or buff-tan ground ; 



marg. deeply wrinkled or lobed. St. solid, white, shaded dull 



salmon • wbite-squamulose above A. A. median, somewhat 



large. G. adnate or adnexed, dull ochreous or clay-cinnamon, 



sometimes colour of iron-oxide. 



Solitary. Woods. Aug.-Dec. 4^ X 4J X f in. Sometimes there is an 

 obscure volva. Pale forms resemble 789. 



559. T. terrigena W. G. Sm., Agaricus terrigenus Fr. (from its 



habitat ; terra, the earth, gigno, to bear) a. 



P. convex, silky-fibrillose, yellowish ; marg. partially appendiculate 



with V. St. colour as P., clad with ferruginous-yellow warts. 



A. apical. G. adnate with a decurrent tooth, yellowish then 



brownish. 



Woods, damp places, old earthy stumps. Aug.-Nov. 2§ x 2§ X ^ in. 

 Perhaps 589 is a form of this. Small forms must not be confounded 

 with 1085. 



560. T. erebia W. G. Sm., Agaricus erebius Fr. (Gr. erebos, dark) a b c 

 P. convex, at first viscid, dark ferruginous brown or umber, 



becoming paler; marg. often streaky-wrinkled. St. hollow, 

 smooth, pale salmon-brownish, darker at base and white above, 



