( 70 ) 



Nos. 1990, 2052. ? ? ad., Goyaz, April HmiO.— Wing 55, 53 ; tail 58, 65i ; 

 bill 15 mm. 



No. — . (?) ad., Faz. Esperanpa.— AVing 50; tail 56; liill 14i mm. 



This series agrees perfectly with Pelzeln's tT])cs kindly lent by Dr. von Lorenz. 



No. 2178 is an adnlt male with the pilciim uniform glossy blaek and the 

 under-parts pure white. The young males have the general coloration of the 

 females — viz. the forehead spotted with dull ochreous, the crown and occiput 

 with white longitudinal spots, the eyebrow bufFy, the grey of the back washed with 

 olive, etc. Tiiey diiier, however, in having the foreueck, breast, and abdomen mnch 

 brighter, " buff yellow " (rather paler and duller than Ridgway's tab. vi. fig. 19), 

 while in the females these parts are abont buff. 



Through the kindness of my friend Blons. Menegaux, of the Paris Museum, 

 1 was enabled to examine the bird mentioned by D'Orbigny and Lafresnaye, 

 s.n. T. pileatus, and found it to be identical with the males of H. atricapillus 

 obtained by Natterer and Mons. Baer. Although the type of T. affinis does 

 not any longer exist in the Paris Museum, I think there can be no doubt that it 

 is also referable to the present species, as the description agrees exactly with 

 the females before me. Moreover, it was obtained in the same district, Chiquitos, 

 in the plains of Eastern Bolivia, where D'Orbigny also procured a typical male 

 of H. atneapillitsl Fortnnately we need not trouble about the name T. affinis, 

 for it is jireoccupied by Spix, in 1825. 



H. atricapillus ditfevs from //. pileatus by its much longer and stronger 

 bill, and by averaging larger in all dimensions. The <? tJ, furthermore, are 

 distinguished by the nnder-parts being almost pure white, while in //. pileatus 

 the sides are strongly washed with cinereous ; by having very little white at the 

 base of the interscapular feathers (instead of a large concealed white patch), 

 and by the white apical spot on the inner web of the penultimate rectrix 

 ending basally in a straight line. The female may also be recognised by its larger 

 size, much stronger liill, darker ochreous spots on the forehead, and brighter 

 bnif under-parts. 



Another very nearly allied form is //. motacilloides Tacz., of which I examined 

 two adult males from Central Peru belonging to the Berlepsch and Vienna 

 Museums. It agrees with //. atricapillus in size, bnt has no white at all on 

 the base of the interscapular feathers, longer white tips to the three outer tail- 

 feathers, and a distinct black spot in front of the eye, while in //. atricapillus 

 the lores are entirely white. Besides, breast and abdomen are tinged with 

 pale yellowish instead of being pure white I am not acquainted with the female 

 of this race. 



These three forms represent each other geographically, and are, therefore, 

 more properly designated by trinomials. Their distribution is as follows : 



(a.) //. p. pileatus (Lcht.). 

 ilijioihcra pilcaia Lichtenstein, Verz. Dull. Berliner Miis. p. 44 (1823. — Bahia). 



Hab. Eastern Brazil from Bahia to Minas Geraes and Rio de Janeiro. Bahia 

 (trade-skins in Vienna and Brit. ;Mus.) : Lamarfio (Robert coll., Tring Mus.) ; Rio 

 de Janeiro : Neu Freiburg (Burmeister coll., S ad. in Mus. Halle examined) ; 

 Minas Geraes : Lagoa Santa (Lund), Sete Lagoas (Reinhardt). 



6 J (J ad. : wing 51—53 ; tail 44—50; bill 13 mm. 



1 ? ad. : wing 49 ; tail 40 mm. 



