294 THE AGARICACEAE OF MICHIGAN 



The normal form varies also; in Avet weather the pileus is sub- 

 viscid, while ordinarily it is dry. The gills of different specimens 

 are attached differently to the stem, adnexed, adnate or even slight- 

 ly decurrent at times ; on expansion of pileus, however, they become 

 sinuate or emarginate; their edge is whitish-crenulate because of 

 the cystidia. Sometimes the base of stein is attached to white 

 strands which enter the turf. The stem is almost homogeneous at 

 first. P. vermiflua Pk. is closely related to it. (See illustration: N. 

 Y. State Mus. Bull. 75, Plate 73, 1904.) Authors differ somewhat 

 as to the spore measurements, and may have confused other species 

 with P. praecox, P. dura Fr. (see illustration: Hard, Mushrooms, 

 Fig. 210, p. 259) has not been detected in Michigan but doubtless 

 grows here. Its solid stem, tan to brownish pileus, which usually 

 cracks on the surface into areas, and its preference for soil which 

 has been cultivated, distinguish it. Ricken gives the spore-size of 

 P. dura as 11-13x7-8 niicr. P. temnophylla Pk. is separated by 

 Peck, on account of its dingy-yellow or ochraceous cap and very 

 broad gills. One specimen, which may be this species, was collected 

 in hemlock and spruce woods, Sault Ste. Marie; the very broad gills 

 were obliquely truncate at the inner extremity, but the spores were 

 somewhat smaller than given by Peck. Otherwise it resembles P. 

 praecox. Not infrequently specimens of P. praecox having the char- 

 acters of the type rather than those of var. sylvestris are found in 

 low, moist woods. 



284. Pholiota caperata Fr. 



Syst. Myc, 1821. 



Illustrations: Cooke, 111., PL 348. 



Ricken, Blatterpilze, PL 55, Fig. 2. 



Michael, Fiihrer f. Pilzfreunde, Vol. I, No. 49 (as Rozites 



caperata). 

 Gillet, Champignons de France, No. 520. 

 Hard, Mushrooms, PL 31, Fig. 212. 

 Harper, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts & Let., Vol. XVII, Pt. 1, 



PL 24. 



PILFUS 5-10 cm. broad, oval at first, campanulate-expanded, 

 obtuse, markedly wrinkled or furrowed, dry, at first ivith a super- 

 ficial hoariness or floccosity, straw-color to alutaceous, at 

 length glabrous. FLESH white, thick on disk. GILLS adnate, then 



