CLASSIFICATION OP AOARK 77'' 



ed iiimImi. [n certain species like U. pelianthina, \f.pura, )£. coh< 

 ens, U . i in I' riculata, etc., the mature pileus usually « • x i >; i ml- like thai 

 of Colly bia, and the margin maj even become recurved ; this is 11 

 often true of the larger species. The tendency however for the 

 pileus to remain conical or conic-campanula quite a time 



due to i lie position of the margin of the young cap on the stem ; the 

 growth-tensions in such cases tlo nol i raise Hie margin on1 



ward, excepl in Hie more fleshy ami larger caps. The cops ma} be 

 very fragile or quite tough, usual h ven thin or membranous in the 

 smaller species. The tratna of Hie mature pileus is composed of 

 large, vesiculose cells with ;i more or less differentiated cuticle of 

 various structures. The color of the caps is often verj delicate, 

 red, blue, vellow, brown, erav and white being ronnd in the various 

 shades and tints. The surface is usually glabrous and Btriatulate 

 mi the margin. The GILLS are adnexed or adnate, sometimes 

 running down the stem by ;i short tooth, and in I/, vulgaris becom- 

 ing somewhal decurrenl as the pileus expands. In some species 

 they arc pure white, in others they become slightly ashy or flesh 

 color in age, and in a few cases, like M. leajana and '/. pelianthina, 

 are brightly colored. There are CYSTIDIA present in a Dumber of 

 species. In one group (Calodontes) these are colored ;m<l hence 

 the edges <>r the ^ills where they occur have the corresponding 

 color. In others the cystidia are hyaline or colorless. They 

 may be very unmerous <>n both Bides ; > 1 1 • I edges as in 

 M. cohaerens and .1/. leajana, in which species they give 

 the color to the entire surface of the gills; in 1/. atroal 

 ho iih s, M. dissiliens and 1/. polygramna var. albidus, thej are 

 hyaline. In some the cystidia are found only on the edge 

 and are then referred to as steriU cells, especially if of different 

 shape from the others, e. g., '/. allcalina, '/. polygramna and M. 

 metatus. In these species the shape of the cystidia varies consider- 

 ably- 'hey may be flask-shaped, lanceolate, pear-shaped, sac-shaped, 

 or hair-like. In some species no cystidia, or only :i lew scatti 

 ones oceiii'; e. g., I/, (jalericulata, 1/. b id 1/. cpipti It 



is an open question whether the nnrabei no1 vai 



considerable extenl in ;i species. The 8 I'KM in each of the different 

 groups h;is quite distinct characters, and these are the 1 

 ent means of distinguishing tl ? ems exud< 



juice, others are viscous; the base is soni< ached bj ;i • 1 i — U . 



and at other times it penetrates the 1 hairy, root 



extension, ft may be firm, fragile or flaccid. The i mostly 



tubular, and the rind is cartilaginous. Tin mni beglabrous, 



