8 48 THE AGARICACEAE OF MICHIGAN 



reaction, i. e., some five hours of profuse perspiration beginning on 

 the forehead and spreading over the body. This may be attended 

 by increased nasal and salivary secretion, hiccough and discomfort, 

 though there are no other ill effects. 4 - The original lot was tested 

 on animals. 40 ' 41 In a rabbit the watery extract produces profuse 

 salivation in a few minutes with Aveakness and sickness, increased 

 renal activity and activity of the bowels, followed by gradual im- 

 provement. Fatal to guinea pig in one quarter hoar. Even the 

 boiled extract paralyzed the respiration in seven minutes. Autopsy 

 negative. One rabbit died with slightly contracted pupils. In a third 

 guinea pig there was salivation, lachrymation, etc., increased respira- 

 tion and then respiratory paralysis. Drops in the eye contracted the 

 pupil for four hours. Its action therefore is that of the muscarin- 

 pilocarpin series. The little Clitocybe seemed more poisonous than 

 muscaria extract tested side by side with it for it killed rabbits 

 that withstood larger doses of muscaria extract. A frog's heart 

 could be stopped for one hour with it and then revived with 

 atropine. Clitocybe dealbata should likewise be avoided for C. 

 sudorifica has been mistaken for it by a well-trained mycologist. 



Clitocybe morbifcra is similar in habitat and appearance to the 

 preceding and is closely related to it. 42 In four cases in Middleville, 

 Michigan, which have come to my attention, the symptoms were 

 more severe and serious than those of C. sudorifica. There was more 

 discomfort and the attending physician recognized the likeness of 

 the clinical picture to muscarin disturbance and used atropine. 

 Four people ate, and three were made ill. The one that suffered 

 most had over-taxed her digestive powers the day before — a factor 

 that seems to predispose to mushroom poisoning. Symptoms came 

 on two hours after eating and were abdominal pain, vomiting of 

 food including entire specimens of tough "Fairy King" fungi, purg- 

 ing, sweating, cold extremities and collapse. In one case there 

 was some blindness. All were fairly well the next day. Animal 

 tests have not been made. These must henceforth be regarded 

 as a necessary part of the record. 



Clitocybe nebularis which made Cordier ill, and is reported as 

 poisonous when raw (Bertillon), is legally allowed among the thirty 

 varieties permitted in the markets of Munich. 11 Here legal enact- 

 ments, duly enforced, have reduced the number of poisoning cases. 



