DIMORPHISM IN FUNGI. 133 



frequently found growing together on the same stem, and the 

 JSJedria may often be seen surrounding the Tubercularia and 

 arising from the same mycehum, which runs in and under the 

 bark. The Tubercularia is a httle pink body, and by removing 

 the bark it will be seen to have a paler stem, which spreads above 

 into a globose head, covered with a delicate mealy bloom. A 

 section of this body shows that it consists of delicate parallel 

 threads, compacted together to form the stem and head. Some of 

 the threads are simple and others branched, and they bear here 

 and there little cylindrical bodies, easily detached, and forming 

 the mealy bloom before referred to. These are the conidia. 



The Nectria is of a darker red colour, and in section is found 

 to consist of a capsule, granular externally, and containing a gela- 

 tinous mass, in which are embedded the small masses of fructifi- 

 cation, consisting of cylindrical asci or spore-cases, each enclosing 

 eight elliptical spores, and slender threads called paraphyses, 

 which may be abortive spore-cases, all packed tightly together. 

 Examples might be multiplied amongst the Sphceriacei, it being a 

 common thing for the conidia to possess the characteristics of a 

 mould, whilst the perithecia, or perfect ascigerous forms, are 

 developed amongst the conidial threads. This applies to species 

 of Sporofrichum, Cladotrichum, and Hdminthosporium^ amongst 

 the moulds ; in fact, it is possible that all of them may in time be 

 found to be simply the conidial forms of some ascomycetous fungi. 

 In one genus, Melanconis, three, and sometimes four, sorts of 

 fruit are described. Thus, M. lancifonnis possesses Conidia for- 

 merly known as Coryenum discifonne ; Stylospores, formerly 

 known as Coniothecium betuUnwn; Pycnidia, formerly known as 

 Hendersonia polycystis, and Ascophores, formerly known as 

 SphcBria lanciforniis. 



Amongst the Discomycetes there is a good example of dimor- 

 phism, in the case of the beautiful purple cups of Bulgaria sar- 

 coidcs, the perfect form, and the small purple clavate bodies 

 found much earlier in the same spot, and also occasionally at the 

 same time as the other, Tremella sarcoides, which represents the 

 conidial form of the same fungus. There is a similar sort of rela- 

 tion in form and development between Dacryviyces and Peziza 

 fusaroides. 



