PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. 7 



the microscopist has time to print by daylight, the ordinary 

 printing processes, albuminised silver paper, platinotype, and 

 carbon printing are available for him ; if he wants to print at 

 night, Eastman's bromide paper and many other rapid printing 

 papers are now procurable, giving excellent results. 



If the negative is not large enough, he can enlarge either with 

 a camera or with one of the lanterns made for the purpose, or else 

 a home-made one, or by means of one of the magic-lanterns now 

 sold. Thus he can get a direct positive on one of the rapid 

 printing papers. For educational purposes an ordinary magic- 

 lantern is . excellent, and magic-lantern slides can easily be made 

 from photo-micrographs, which are sure to give satisfaction if well 

 managed. Another use of the optical lantern is to attach a 

 lantern microscope to it, and in that way ordinary slides may be 

 magnified and thrown on a screen. The ordinary objectives are 

 used with this instrument, and as long as high powers are not 

 used it is fairly satisfactory, though of course inferior to the 

 microscope itself. 



I must not, after all, exclude the ordinary mode of draw- 

 ing by hand and the camera lucida, or else with a net micro- 

 meter, which is often more convenient. By this means those 

 who have artistic tastes are able to produce very pretty pictures, 

 which are certainly not less interesting because they show 

 animals and forms of life which are unknown to people in general. 

 This drawing by hand must always hold its place, as there are very 

 many objects which it is almost impossible to photograph satisfac- 

 torily, besides which the camera takes everything in, as it has 

 naturally no power of selection, and it often happens that only a 

 small part of an object is required, and also that that part is 

 partly concealed by other parts, which makes it unfit for photo- 

 graphy, added to which it is no easy matter to make artistic pho- 

 tographs. The chief results of the last year seem to me to be the 

 development of photography both in itself and in its reference to 

 microscope work, and also in the interest taken in it by photogra- 

 phers who any way know what a photograph ought to be like, and 

 who are thus able to give us most valuable help. Also, in this 

 important discovery of extra dense glass by Messrs. Schott and 

 Co., after long and laborious experiments, this glass must give us 



