AND HOW TO USE IT. 



4a 



whole in a jar, surrounded by warm water, until it dissolves. 



Matt Varnish.— Take gum mastic, 40 grs. ; gum sandarac, 160 

 grs. ; methylated ether, 4 oz. ; benzole, i| oz. Dissolve the gums 

 in the fluids and triturate in a mortar. 



Black Matt Varnish.— Gum mastic, 50 grs. ; gum sandarac, 

 200 grs. ; methylated ether, i^ oz. ; benzole, ^ oz. Dissolve the 

 gums in the fluids and triturate in a mortar, with sufficient lamp- 

 black of finest quality. 



French Polish. — Shellac, 3 oz. ; gum sandarac, -| oz. ; methy- 

 lated spirit, I pint. French polish is sometimes coloured with 

 gum-dragon, etc. 



Dammar and Benzole. — Gum dammar, i o;-. ; benzole, 2 oz. 



Mastic and Benzole. — Gum mastic, 4 oz. ; benzole, 3 oz. 



Canada Balsam Varnish (for rendering ground-glass transpa- 

 rent). — Take 4 oz. of Canada balsam and bake in a cool oven till 

 quite brittle. When cooled, dissolve this in 1 2 oz. of benzole, in 

 which \ oz. of mastic has been previously dissolved. 



Brown Varnish.— Pure india-rubber, 20 grs. ; bisulphide of 

 carbon, q.s. ; shellac, 2 drachms ; methylated spirit, 8 oz. Dis- 

 solve the india-rubber in the smallest possible quantity of bisul- 

 phide of carbon, and add this to the alcohol in such a manner 

 that the whole is mixed without the formation of clots. Now add 

 the shellac, and place the jar containing the mixture in boiling 

 water, until the whole of the shellac is dissolved and the smell of 

 the bisulphide has disappeared. 



Litharge and Glycerine.— If dry sifted litharge powder is 

 mixed with glycerine, it forms a cement which hardens rapidly in 

 air and water. It bears 275° C., is very resistant to re-agents, 

 and adhesive to all materials, articles to be cemented being pre- 

 viously moistened with glycerine. (J. C. Douglas.) 



Copal Varnish (Winsor and Newton's) may be made as a sub- 

 stitute for Canada balsam by evaporating it gently over a spirit- 

 lamp in a suitable vessel until nearly all the solvent (turpentine) is 

 driven off and the residue becomes viscid. To this, while warm, 

 pure benzole may be added, until it is considered to be sufficiently 

 liquid. It may then be used like fluid balsam, with or without 

 heat. It is absolutely necessary to use pure benzole. 



