AND HOW TO USE IT. 97 



in tufts, bursting through the cuticle. — P. corojtata, a very distinct 

 species from the last, and occurs on the leaves of more delicate 

 grasses. The apex of the spore bears three or four tooth-like 

 processes. — F. Apii, a similar brand, with two-celled spores, is 

 found on the wild and cultivated celery-leaves. The entire leaf is 

 generally closely sprinkled with patches of coffee-coloured spores. 

 — P. Anemones, very common in the spring, on leaves of wood 

 anemone, or wind flower. The surface of the spores is rough, 

 with little points or projections. Other brands, with two-celled 

 spores, occur on willow-herb, thistles, ground-ivy, violets, bedstraw, 

 primroses, knot-grass, asparagus, etc., but all are similar in char- 

 acter. — P. sframinis, on wheat, rye, etc. — P. Ment/ice, on various 

 mints. 



Meadow-sweet Brand {Triphragmiiim Ubnarice). — This Brand 

 has a similar habit to the foregoing, but the spores are divided into 

 three cells. The meadow-sweet is common by the sides of streams 

 and ditches everywhere, and the brand is nearly as common in 

 autumn on the under surface of the leaves. — Bramble Brands, 

 (yPhragmidium biilbosiwi), common on bramble leaves in autunm. 

 The black patches are good objects, in situ, viewed opaque with 

 the i-inch objective. The spores are borne on a transparent pedi- 

 cel in tufts. Each spore has three or four divisions, and the 

 surface is rough with projections.* Amongst other fungi may be 

 mentioned strawberry, raspberry, rose, and great burnet Brand ; 

 nettle, buttercups, white-spotted gooseberry, coltsfoot, bedstraw, 

 violet, berberry, goatsbeard, buckthorn, daisy, and dock Cluster- 

 cups ; with those from other plants, all similar in their general 

 character. 



Wheat Bunt {Tilletia caries) fills the whole interior of the 

 grain of wheat with a foetid olive powder, which, viewed with the 

 -J-inch objective, is found to consist of globose, reticulated spores, 

 mixed with branched threads. Rye Smut, on leaves and sheaths 

 of rye, consisting of many-celled spores ; interesting as the type of 

 the so-called " Cholera fungus." Wheat-Rust is the " Red rust " of 

 farmers, and is but too common on the green leaves of growing 

 corn. . -, > 



* Some of these Brands are shown on Plate XIII. 'I'Xv' .-^-^rr**> 



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