Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 93 



Zahn, H. bifidum ssp. incisifolium var. nipholepioides Bz. et Zahn, 

 H. dentatum Hoppe ssp. subsericotrichum Hz. et Zahn {süvaticum — 

 villosiceps), H. pallescens W.K. ssp. platycolathium Hz. et Zahn, ssp. 

 wolayense Bz. et Zahn (Schuppen mit hellgrünem Rande, 3 Stengel- 

 blätter, 3—4 Grundblätter, untere Rlätter gross und breiter), H. tephvo- 

 pogo/i Z. ssp. ai'iiillaceoides Bz. et Zahn; Alphur. H.atratum Fr. ssp. 

 pseudodolichaetum Bz. et Zahn {T)'achseliaiiitni—Schröterianum)\Pre- 

 )ianthoidea: H. praemontanum Bz. et Zahn (epimedium —atratum). 



Verf. beschäftigt sich natürlich auch mit den Rotten Auriculina, 

 Glaucina, Villosiua, Barbata, Cimosina, Pleiophylla, Heterodonta, 

 Alpina, Amplexicaidia, Iiisybacea, Tridentata, Italica, Sabauda, Um- 

 bellata, Hololeia und den Zwischenformen zwischen den einzelnen 

 Rotten. Zahn revidierte bezw. bestimmte die Arten und Formen. 



Matouschek (Wien). 



Bevis, J. F. and H. J. Jeffery. British Plants, their Biology 

 and Ecology. (334 pp. 115 figs. London, Aiston Rivers. 1911. 

 Pr. 4 sh. 6 d.) 



The influence of Schimper, Warming, and such writers on 

 modern teachers and examiners is bringing forth the inevitable 

 abridged text-book. The present one, under a somewhat ambitious 

 title, will be useful in suggesting material for the teacher. The 

 matter is divided into three parts dealing respectively with the 

 environment, the life of the individual plant, and the collective 

 units of Vegetation. The plant is defined as an efficient machine in 

 equilibrium with its surroundings as the result of adaptation. The 

 factors of the environment are solar energy, the atmosphere and 

 the soil. The more important types of Vegetation in Europe depen- 

 dent on climate are introduced after a brief account of the climatic 

 factors, heat and humidity. The influence of water on root-absorp- 

 tion and transpiration prepares the way for the chapters on xero- 

 phytic adaptations, water-plants and tropophytes. The soil is next 

 considered as to its origin and properties, and the biology of 

 the soil. 



The section on Plant-Biology is a general description of exter- 

 nal form and adaptations grouped according to function. Thus spe- 

 cial chapters deal with longevity and frequencj' of seeding (annuals, 

 perennials, etc.); the Classification of plants according to mode of 

 growth — terrestrial plants and epiphytes, including climbers; 

 Classification of plants according to mode of nutrition, green plants, 

 non-green saprophytes and parasites, insectivorous, and symbiotic 

 plants. Storage of food-reserves brings into notice the organs where 

 these are laid down, and their frequent function as agents for pro- 

 pagation. Reproduction by seed, involving many adaptations for 

 pollination and dispersal is dealt with at length. 



The third section takes up the evolution and present distri- 

 bution of the British fiora. The features of island floras are intro- 

 duced briefty, and the similarity of the British fiora to that of 

 Europe is traced to a recent Separation from the continent; the 

 Lusitanian fiora serves as a useful example of a discontinuous fiora. 

 The treatment of plant associations and formations follows that 

 generally adopted in Britain, emphasis bein^ placed on the habitat. 

 These are briefly described in the order: aquatic Vegetation, marsh 

 and bog, moorlands, grasslands, woodlands, maritime associations, 

 the vegetations of rocks and walls, and hedgerows. The necessarily 



