282 Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 



dunes in almost every part of New Zealand. The first part (see 

 Bot. Cent. 114, p. 224) takes up the geology of sand-dunes, their 

 formation and topography, also the ecological botany including the 

 chief environmental factors and the principal native dune-plants. 

 Under „floristic Botany" there is a complete list of indigenous 

 Spermophyta and Pteridophyta of the N. Z. dunes with their distri- 

 bution, growth-form, and the plant formation to which each belongs. 

 The number is 147 species, of which 82 are endemic; the more 

 important natural Orders are Compositae, Gramineae, Cyperaceae, 

 Umbellifevae and Myrtaceae. There is also a list of naturalised species. 

 Part II (p. 43—66) deals with reclamation. Ammophila arenaria 

 is recommended as the best of the sand-binding plants, and direc- 

 tions are given for planting and management, Gerhardt's work in 

 this direction is made use of, as well as that of several pioneers 

 in dune reclamation in N. Z. Lupinus arborens is not strongly fa- 

 voured except for sheltered parts. The possibilities of reclamation 

 and preservation of dune-areas as farmlands or grazing-grounds 

 are discussed. Annual Lupins are recommended after the moving 

 sands have been fixed and protected from moving dunes, and a 

 n amber of grasses, etc. are described which will be suitable at a 

 later stage. The author is of opinion that for N. Z. the ultimate 

 aim is to establish a sward of Danthonia [D. semiannularis and D. 

 pilosa). Afforestation is regarded as the most effective method, but 

 in N. Z. there are comparatively few places where trials have been 

 made of dune-reclamation by trees. Olearia Traversii is indicated 

 as a valuable native tree for this purpose. Other spray-resisting 

 species are: Pinus pinaster, P. halepensis, P. insignis, Cupressus 

 macrocarpa, while species of Eucalyptus, Acacia, Salix are described 

 as suitable for places further inland. An extensive bibliography is 

 given. The numerous photographs are well reproduced and show 

 numerous dune-plants in their habitats, and phases of dune-formation 

 and declamation. The report embodies what is perhaps the best avai- 

 lable all round account of sand dunes. W. G. Smith. 



Druce, G. C, Castalia Candida in Scotland. (Ann. Scott, nat. 

 Hist. N°. 80. p. 252. 1911.) 



Near Dunkeid (Perthshire) in a lake, where it may have been 

 introduced, this species C. Candida (Presl. under Nymphaea) was 

 identified on the visit of the International Phytogeographical Excur- 

 sion in Britain in August 1911. Distinctive characters are given. 



W. G. Smith. 



Kawakami, T. A., New Malus of Formo'sa. (Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 

 XXV, 292. p. 145—147. 1 Plate. 1911.) 



This paper contains the latin description and figure of Malus 

 formosana Kaw. et Koiz., formerly described as Pirus formosana 

 in Kawakami, List of pl. Formosa, 1910, N°. 471. The tree grows 

 in different parts of Formosa in mountain woods. 



Jongmans. 



Koidzumi, G,, Note on Japanese Rosaceae. II. (Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 

 XXV. 290. p. 74—76. 1911.) 



Allen in dieser Arbeit erwähnten Arten sind ausführliche Sy- 

 nonyme, japanische Namen und Standortsangaben beigegeben. 



