348 Eumycetes. 



Baudys, Ed., Prispevek k vyzkumu ceskych mikroparasitu 



houbovych ze skupin: Peronosporaceae de By., Perisporiaceae 

 Fr., Ustilagineae Tul. a Uredineae Brogn. [Beitrag zur Erfor- 

 schung böhmischer parasitärer Mikromyzeten aus den 

 Familien der Peronosporaceen, Perisporiaceen, Ustilagi- 



neen, Uredineen]. (Vestnik kräl. ceske spolecnosti näuk v Praze 

 1911. XX. p. 1—21 = Jahrb. kgl. tschechischen Ges. Wiss. Prag. 

 1911. XX. Stück, p. 1—21.) 



Angeführt werden Peronosporaceen i^fl Arten), Protomycetaceae 

 (1 Art), Perisporiaceen (20 Arten), Hypocreaceae (3 Arten), Ustila- 

 gineae (20 Arten), Uredineae (122 Arten). Von letzteren sind für 

 Böhmen neu, also nicht in Bubäks „Die Rostpilze von Böhmen" 

 notiert: Pnccinia limosae P. Magn. (auf Naumburgia thyrsißora Rchb.), 

 P. Fuckelii Syd. (auf Jurinea cyanoides Rchb.), P. divergens Bub. 

 (auf Carlina vulgaris). Viele für Böhmen neue Wirtspflanzen wer- 

 den angegeben z. B. für Uromyces striatus Schrot., Trifolium pro- 

 cumbens, für Uromyces Genistae tinctoriae Wint. Sarothamnus vul- 

 garis, für Puccinia glumarum Er. et Henn. Hordeum miirinnm, für 

 P. Lolii, N. Avena orientalis Schreb., für Coleosporinm Campannlae 

 Lev. Campanula medium. Matouschek (Wien). 



Bayliss , J. S., Observations on Marasmius oreades and Clito- 

 cybe gigantea as parisitic fungi causing "Fairy Rings", 

 (Journ. Econ. Biol. VI. p. 111 — 131. 3 Plates. 1911.) 



Observations on "fairy rings" extending over three years are 

 summarized by the authoress much as follows. The common fairy- 

 ring fungus Marasmius oreades is parasitic on grass, attacking the 

 young roots and killing them by a toxic secretion. The fungus is 

 stimulative at first, and the grass assumes a darker colour owing 

 to better nitrogenous nutrition due to the proteolytic enz3^mes of 

 the fungus acting on the dead roots, hence there can be distinguished 

 a zone of dark green grass outside the dead grass zone, as well as 

 inside that zone. 



The fungus secretes some substance toxic to itself and so is 

 not able to grow in the same soil three years in succession; during 

 the second year this fungus dies and the grass gains the Upper 

 hand and flourishes owing to the increased nitrogenous food avai- 

 lable; hence the fairy ring of rieh luxuriant grass within the dead 

 grass zone. 



Fairy rings formed by Clitocybe gigantea agree in general with 

 those of Marasmius oreades. A. D. Cotton. 



Beer, R., Notes on the development of the Carpophore of 

 some Agaricaceae. (Ann. Bot. XXV. p. 653-659. 1 Plate. 1910.) 



The author traces_ the origin of the hymenium in Hypholoma 

 fascicularis and Clitocybe laccata and reinvestigates the case of Ar- 

 millaria mellea. 



The first part of the carpophore to be differentiated in the 

 Hypholoma and Clitocybe is the pileus, which appears as a cap of 

 deeply staining tissue below the surface of the upper end of the 

 young fruit-body. The inward extension of the edge of his tissue 

 forms the primordiuin of the hymenium. In the first plant, an air- 

 space forms below the hymenium-rudiment, which becomes the gill 



