460 Bacteriologie. 



Smith, E. F., ßacteria in Relation to Plant Diseases. Vol. 

 IL (Carn. Inst. Washington. October, p. 1—368. 19 pl. 148 textfig. 

 1911.) 



This is the second volume of a treatise on bacteria in relation 

 to plant diseases. The general nature of the work was described in 

 a review published in this Journal 101 p. 53 (1906). The first volume 

 was devoted largely to a discussion of methods for the study of 

 bacteria in their relation to plant diseases. This volume deals with 

 specific bacterial diseases of plants. 



It is of interest to note that practically all of the monograph is 

 based on the results of experiments made by the author and his 

 assistants. 



The introductory chapter deals with the historical discussion of 

 bacterial diseases, followed by general Instructions on the supposed 

 normal occurrence of bacteria in plants. 



The chapters that follow this deal with bacteria on the surface 

 of plants; the method by which bacteria gain entrance into plants; 

 a discussion of the experimental introduction of parasites; the incep- 

 tion and progress of bacterial diseases; method of infection; the 

 effect of bacterial infection on the plant, including a discussion of 

 tumors ; the solvent question of bacteria ; the fermentation of cellu- 

 lose, and the destruction of wood. 



The next chapters deal with the reaction of the plant, as mani- 

 fested by Hyperplasias, Atrophies and Hypertrophies, and the chan- 

 ges wich take place in the nucleus. 



The following chapters deal with individual and varietal resis- 

 tance, a discussion of immunity, and the originating of resistant 

 varieties. Considerable Space is devoted in this chapter to the treat- 

 ment of the root-nodules of the Legutninosae. 



The following chapters deal with the question whether bacteria 

 can cause diseases in both plants and animals, the evidence obtained 

 being from inoculation of plant parasites into animals and vice versa. 



In the chapter devoted to the hygiene of plants, germicides and 

 insecticides, together with numerous formulas for both, are given. 



This completes the first half of the volume. 



The second half of the volume is devoted to a description of 

 three bacterial diseases, these forming the beginning of the treat- 

 ment of the vascular diseases. The three diseases described are: 

 the Wilt of Cucurbits, caused by Bacillus tvacheiphilus ; the Black 

 Rot of Cruciferous Plants, caused by Bacterium campestre ; and the 

 Yellow Disease of Hycacinths, caused by Bacterium hyacinthi. In a 

 brief review it is hardly possible to do justice to the extensive 

 treatment given to each one of these diseases. In each instance 

 most extensive notes are given as to field observations; inoculations 

 made both in the field and in the laboratory; a description of the 

 organisms; the behavior of infected plants; the microscopic changes 

 which take place in diseased tissues, and method of treatment. 



The whole volume is profusely illustrated (148 figures and 19 

 large plates, several of them colored). At the end of every chapter 

 a complete list of papers dealing with the particular chapters is 

 appended. The volume closes with an index. 



For a thorough appreciation of the monograph, the reader is 

 referred to the original. von Schrenk. 



