370 Anatomie. — Varietäten etc. — Physiologie. 



the phloem of the leaf traces with the prismatic layer is due to the 

 fact that the latter grows out so as to Surround the bases of the leaf 

 traces. Protoxylem cannot be distinguished in the central cylinder 

 nor in the bases of the leaf traces, though the latter are exarch and 

 occasionally mesarch in the region of the sporangium, and above 

 this region tend to become concentric. M. A. Chrysler. 



Leake, H. Martin, Studies in the Experimental Breeding of 

 Indian Cottons: an introductory note. Part 2. On buds and 

 branching. (Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. N. S. V. p. 23—30. 1909.) 



Every axil on a cotton plant contains two buds — the second 

 being lateral as regards the first. On any axis the position of the 

 second to the lirst — whether on its right side or its ieft side — is 

 almost invariably constant, but the branches of any given plant differ 

 among themselves and the character is not inherited — no plant 

 having all its offspring, when these are numerous, agreeing with it 

 in this character. 



The branches arising from these buds may become sympodia or 

 monopodia, and it is in respect to the behaviour of the primary buds 

 of the main axis that a great difference occurs between the different 

 Indian cottons. Thus in "Nurma" and "Broach" the primary buds of 

 main axis develop into monopodial branches while in Bengals they 

 develop into sympodial branches. It is the main tertiary buds in 

 "Nurma" and "Broach" which develop into sympodial branches. Flo- 

 wering, which is confined to the sympodial branches is thus delayed 

 in "Nurma" and "Broach" — the types with good lint. 



The author has in hand observations on the effect of making 

 crosses between types with the main secondary branches sympodial 

 and types with these monopodial — observations of considerable 

 importance because early flowering races are wanted for profitable 

 cultivation in the neighbourhood ofCawnpore, and the dela}^ in 

 flowering, i.e. of forming sympodial branches, whether dominant or 

 recessive unless eliminated would render any other improvement 

 brought in by the crossing locally valueless. It has been found that 

 on crossing a "monopodial" by a "sympodial" form the offspring dif- 

 fered only slightly from the monopodial parent, a few of the main 

 secondary branches at the apex being sj^mpodial and in the Fo 

 generation (the flower of the first generation being seif fertilised) 

 every proportion of sympodial and monopodial branches occuring on 

 a Single stem was found. 



Sympodial branches are usually pendent, especially when 

 weighed down bj^ fruit and, were a race of cotton to be bred too 

 marked in them, the lint from the lowest branches would always 

 get earthstained. We therefore want a type with the lowest branches 

 monopodial and the upper sympodial. Such types already exist, but 

 their lint is very poor. We need to breed new types with that habit 

 but better lint, and it is quite evident that to do so the behaviour of 

 the characters touched on in this paper should be worked out in 

 detail. I. H. Burkill. 



Buchner, E. und F. Klatte. Ueber dieEigenschaftendes 

 Hefepresssaftes und die Zymasebildung in der Hefe. 

 (Biochem. Ztschr. 1908. IX. p. 415-435.) 



Die Verf. versuchten zunächst die zellfreie Gärung des Zuckers 



