Pflanzenkrankheiten. — Pteridophyten. 219 



zehnten beobachtet worden ist. Er hält weniger die Witterung für 

 bestimmend, als die Sorte; dünnschalige Sorten zeigen die Erschei- 

 nung häufiger als dickschalige. Riehm (Berlin-Dahlem). 



Holloway, J. E., Studies in the New Zealand species of 

 the genus Lycopodium. (Transact. New Zealand Instit. XLVIII. 

 1915.) 



The author has examined, with special reference to the pro- 

 thallus and young sporophyte, eleven species of Lycopodium, viz. 

 L. Billardieri (Spring), L. variutn (R. Br.), L. Drummondii (Spring), 

 L. ramidosum (T. Kirk), L. Selago (L.), L. volubile (Forst.), L. sca- 

 riosum (Forst.), L. fastigiatum (R. Br.) and L. densum (Labill). 



He points out that the prothalli of these species all fall into 

 one or other of the five main types enumerated by Bruchmann, 

 Lang, Pritzel, Bower and others; they show, however, interes- 

 ting variations. The most remarkable of these occurred in L ramu- 

 losum. The prothallus of this species, infested by a fungus, was of 

 the type of L. cernuum, but some specimens were "long-drawn- 

 out" reaching as much as four millimetres in length, while others 

 were short and relatively massive. The shaft was considerably 

 longer than in L. cernuum or L. laterale; the author suggests that 

 this length might be abnormal and connected with the depth below 

 the surface of the moss at which the spores germinated. The shaft 

 expands above into a rather bulky struclure with "filamentous lobe- 

 like foliar expansions". In other prothalli of this species the shaft 

 was entirely suppressed. In studying these prothalli the author 

 established the fact that the primary tubercle was not the first part 

 of the gametophyte to be formed, but developed at the end of a 

 delicate filament which might later decay. This was found to be 

 the case also in the prothallus of L. cernuum. The author inclines 

 to the view that the form of the prothallus of L. ramulosum in 

 which the shaft was long indicates the manner in which the epi- 

 phytic type of prothallus and that of L. Selago ma}? - have sprung 

 from an ancestral form resembling that of L. cernuum. On the 

 other hand the massive type of gametophyte of L. ramulosum is 

 not only intermediate between the type of L. cernuum and certain 

 forms characteristic of L. Selago, but also suggests the subterranean 

 form of prothallus of L. clavatum. 



As regards the young sporophyte the author inclines to the 

 view that the Lycopod protocorm is not a primitive organ as sug- 

 gested by Treub, but simply a special adaptation to physiological 

 conditions. He believes, however, that its occurrence in Phylloglos- 

 sunt and the three sections of the sub-genus Rhopalostachya indi- 

 cates for it a considerable degree of antiquity within the Lycopo- 

 diaceae. Isabel Browne (Univ. Coli.), London. 



Takeda, H., Contribu tions to the Knowledge oftheAsia- 

 tic Polypodiums, with special reference to the Chinese 

 Species. With an Appendix of the Chinese and Japa- 

 nese Species in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic 

 Garden, Edinburgh. (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. VIII. 

 p. 265—312. Edinburgh 1915.) 



The author gives an account of the Chinese, and some other 



