Floristik, Geographie, Sx'stematik etc. 151 



Blumer, J. C, Change of Aspect with altitude. i^Plant 

 World 14. p. 236—248. Oct. 1911.) 



In this paper is described the striking dissimilarity of species 

 growing upon two slopes opposing one another in the general 

 direction of a meridian, and the elusive fact that the same species 

 changes its aspect, or slopeexposure, from north to south in rising 

 from its lower to its upper aliiiudinal limit. This principle is dis- 

 cussed relative to the ranges of Lippia Wrightü, CalUandra eriophylla, 

 Lupinus leptophylliis, Quercics reticiilata, Q. arisonica and other 

 plants of the desert mountains of the south western United States. 



Harshberger. 



Cooke, F. W., Observations on Salicornia anstralis. (Trans. 

 Proc. New Zealand Inst. XLIV. p. 349-362. 9 textfig.) 



Salicornia australis is a shrubby perennial halophyte, which 

 occurs in New Zealand, Tasmania and Australia. 



The plant has been described as leafless, but the author regards 

 the "cortex" as the greatly developped leaf-base, due to intercalary 

 growth at the base of the leaf, the reasons for this conclusion are 

 summarised. 



Details are given of the epidermal cells, the stomata, the aqueoüs 

 tissue, the palisade layer. the scattered tracheides, the apical growth, 

 the root structure and the seedlings. The secondary growth in thick- 

 ness of the stems and roots in described, and is regarded as being 

 due to the formation of a complete extra fascicular cambium which 

 forms a complete phloem cylinder on the outer margin, and a 

 xylem cylinder coraposed of thick-walled fibrous cells on its inner 

 border; the secondar}^ vessels are situated among these in irregulär 

 rings, while phloem Islands are scattered about in the tibrous cells 

 of the X34em, always near the large vessels. 



In autumn a cork cambium arises in the pericycle which gives 

 rise to cork and to a very regulär phelloderm, this cork formation 

 results in the withering of the leaf-bases which then fall ofif. 



The paper concludes with a detailed account of the structure 

 of the flower. E. de Fraine. 



Craib, W. G., Flora of Banffshire. (Reprint, Trans. Banflf. Field 



Club. 1912.) 



This north-eastern county of Scotland extends from the sea- 

 coast southwards into the subalpine and arctic-alpine zones of the 

 Cavingorm Mountains. Throughout 27 districts of the county, 

 the distribution of each species is shown in tabulated form. There 

 is also a list of localities for species, and a brief general account. 



"W. G. Smith. 



Dachnowski, A., The successions of Vegetation in Ohio 

 lakes and peat deposits. (Plant World. XV. p. 25—39. Feb, 

 1912.) 



The author States that since the post glacial migration of plants 

 the major successions of Vegetation leading to the establishment 

 of the existing flora on peat depositing lakes have been 1) the open 

 water succession, 2) the marginal succession, 3) the shore suc- 

 cession, 4) the bog succession, 5) the mesophytic succession with a 

 number of secondary successions which have been brought about 



